Mesangial cell hypercellularity and iron accumulation in the kidney associated with administration of a sickle hemoglobin modulator in CD-1 mice.

The kidney plays an important role in iron homeostasis and mesangial cells (MCs) are phagocytic cells important for glomerular homeostasis. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) modulators are promising clinical candidates for treatment of sickle cell disease. Although they prevent disease pathophysiology of HbS polymerization and red blood cell (RBC) sickling by increasing hemoglobin oxygen affinity, higher oxygen affinity can also cause transient tissue hypoxia with compensatory increases in erythropoiesis and subsequent increases in RBC turnover.

Removal of nutrients from synthetic wastewater by different Brazilian chlorophyte strains in batch bioreactors under various light regimes.

With the increase in pollution and improper waste disposal, aquatic ecosystems are experiencing escalating degradation leading to various detrimental effects, including eutrophication and adverse impacts on the health of the population reliant on these water resources. Consequently, microalgae have demonstrated efficacy in nutrient removal, minimal environmental disruption, and superior cost-effectiveness in comparison to traditional treatment methods. Thus, this study aimed to investigate wastewater treatment in an aerobic batch system, using two strains of non-axenic mixotrophic chlorophytes, Chlorella sp.

BDK inhibition acts as a catabolic switch to mimic fasting and improve metabolism in mice.

Objective: Branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic defects are implicated to be causal determinates of multiple diseases. This work aimed to better understand how enhancing BCAA catabolism affected metabolic homeostasis as well as the mechanisms underlying these improvements.

Methods: The rate limiting step of BCAA catabolism is the irreversible decarboxylation by the branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) enzyme complex, which is post-translationally controlled through phosphorylation by BCKDH kinase (BDK).

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibition Improves Multiple Dimensions of NASH Pathogenesis in Model Systems.

Background & Aims: Disordered metabolism, steatosis, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis contribute to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the first committed step in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and modulates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Increased hepatic DNL flux and reduced fatty acid oxidation are hypothesized to contribute to steatosis.

Anaerobic phototrophic processes of hydrogen production by different strains of microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.

Hydrogen is an abundant element and a non-polluting fuel that can be biologically produced by microalgae. The aim of this research was to investigate biological hydrogen production by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CC425) and Chlamydomonas moewusii (SAG 24.91) by direct biophotolysis in batch cultures.