Race-specific coregulatory and transcriptomic profiles associated with DNA methylation and androgen receptor in prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a significant health concern, particularly among African American (AA) men who exhibit higher incidence and mortality compared to European American (EA) men. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these disparities is imperative for enhancing clinical management and achieving better outcomes.

Methods: Employing a multi-omics approach, we analyzed prostate cancer in both AA and EA men.

Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions.

Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer.