Integrated primary and community mental health care for young adults with serious mental illness: A program evaluation.

Aim: Young adults with serious mental illness (SMI) have poor physical health and high Emergency Department (ED) and hospital utilization. Integrating primary care into community mental health care may be an important form of early intervention.

Methods: Adjusted multivariable regressions assessed changes in self-reported annual primary care, ED and hospital utilization for 83 young adults with SMI enrolled in integrated care.

Level and timing of product substitution in a trial of e-cigarettes for smokers not interested in quitting.

Introduction: The e-cigarette market is large and diverse. Traditional smoking cessation trials involving a control group and a 6-month observation period are an inefficient methodology for testing the multiple treatment options e-cigarettes provide for harm reduction in cigarette smokers. We determined when product substitution occurred in the e-cigarette provision arm of an e-cigarette substitution trial for cigarette smokers who were not interested in quitting.

Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drug Use Among Young Adults with Serious Mental Illness.

To inform early intervention, this study describes correlates of substance use among young people with serious mental illness (SMI) enrolled in integrated care in community mental health settings. 227 adults ages 18-35 were assessed for clinical characteristics and substance use. Logistic regressions were used to describe relationships between substance use and participant characteristics.

Exploring Mid-Air Hand Interaction in Data Visualization.

Interacting with data visualizations without an instrument or touch surface is typically characterized by the use of mid-air hand gestures. While mid-air expressions can be quite intuitive for interacting with digital content at a distance, they frequently lack precision and necessitate a different way of expressing users' data-related intentions. In this work, we aim to identify new designs for mid-air hand gesture manipulations that can facilitate instrument-free, touch-free, and embedded interactions with visualizations, while utilizing the three-dimensional (3D) interaction space that mid-air gestures afford.

Healthy choices, healthy changes: A randomized trial of incentives to promote healthy eating and exercise in people with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses.

Introduction: People with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses (SMI) represent a concerning health disparity population, with 10-30 fewer years of life compared to the general population, mainly from high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preventing CVD is possible with exercise and diet interventions, but only 50 % of participants in clinical trials achieve reduction in CVD risk. This study assessed whether cash incentives improved weight loss, cardiovascular endurance, and/or mortality risk when added to one of four healthy lifestyle programs (gym membership, Weight Watchers membership, the InSHAPE program, InSHAPE + Weight Watchers).

A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial of Provider Education and Community Health Worker Support for Tobacco Cessation.

Objective: Individuals with serious mental illness have a high prevalence of tobacco use disorder and related early mortality but underutilize smoking cessation medication. The authors determined whether clinician-delivered education to primary care providers regarding safety, efficacy, and importance of cessation medication (provider education [PE]) alone or combined with community health worker (CHW) support would increase tobacco abstinence in this population, compared with usual care.

Methods: All adult current tobacco smokers receiving psychiatric rehabilitation for serious mental illness through two community agencies in Greater Boston were eligible, regardless of readiness to quit smoking.

Cognitive Enhancement Therapy vs social skills training in schizophrenia: a cluster randomized comparative effectiveness evaluation.

Background: Schizophrenia and related disorders are highly disabling and create substantial burdens for families, communities, and health care systems. Although pharmacological treatments can often lessen the psychotic symptoms that are a hallmark of schizophrenia, they do not lessen the social and cognitive deficits that create the greatest impediments to community engagement and functional recovery. This study builds on prior research on psychosocial rehabilitation by comparing the effectiveness of two treatments demonstrated as efficacious in improving social and community functioning, Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) and a version of Social Skills Training (HOPES/SST).

Virtual Learning Collaborative Compared to Technical Assistance as a Strategy for Implementing Health Promotion in Routine Mental Health Settings: A Hybrid Type 3 Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Despite widespread use of learning collaboratives, few randomized trials have evaluated their effectiveness as a strategy for implementing evidence based practices. This randomized trial evaluated the effectiveness of a virtual learning collaborative (VLC) in the implementation of a health promotion program for persons with serious mental illness (SMI) aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk reduction in routine mental health settings, compared to routine technical assistance (TA).

Methods: Fifty-five mental health provider organizations were recruited to participate in a Hybrid Type 3 cluster randomized implementation-effectiveness trial of the InSHAPE health promotion program for persons with SMI.

Health status of young adults with serious mental illness enrolled in integrated care.

Aims: People with serious mental illness (SMI) are more likely to develop chronic health conditions and die prematurely. Timely identification of modifiable health risk factors may enable early intervention. We aimed to describe the physical health characteristics and service utilization of young people with SMI.

E-Cigarette Provision to Promote Switching in Cigarette Smokers With Serious Mental Illness-A Randomized Trial.

Background: High cigarette smoking prevalence and low quit rates in people with serious mental illness (SMI) contribute to disparate rates of chronic disease and premature death. This prospective trial tested the impact of switching to a potentially lower-harm nicotine-containing product on smoking in this population.

Aims And Methods: A total of 240 cigarette smokers with SMI who tried but were currently unwilling to quit were randomly assigned to receive disposable e-cigarettes for 8 weeks or not, with assessments at baseline, 2, 4, 6, 8, 13, and 26 weeks.

Characteristics of and reasons for electronic cigarette use among adult smokers with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder.

Background: The objective of our study was to determine lifetime and current e-cigarette use among adult cigarette smokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, and to describe characteristics of these e-cigarette users.

Methods: Adult daily tobacco smokers with schizophrenia who were psychiatrically stable in outpatient treatment (n = 162) were enrolled in a motivational intervention study from 2013 to 2015 and followed for 6 months. Approximately 80% (n = 140) completed a 6-month follow-up, including the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health survey.

Peer Support Specialists' Perspectives of a Standard Online Research Ethics Training: Qualitative Study.

Background: Certified peer support specialists (CPS) have a mental health condition and are trained and certified by their respective state to offer Medicaid reimbursable peer support services. CPS are increasingly involved as partners in research studies. However, most research ethics training in the protection of human subjects is designed for people who, unlike CPS, have had exposure to prior formal research training.

Co-production of the quality of patient-centered outcomes research partnerships instrument for people with mental health conditions.

Mounting scientific evidence over the past decades in the field of psychiatry has shown community engagement in research produces more relevant research, increased uptake of research findings, and better clinical outcomes. Despite the need for the integration of community engagement methodologies into the scientific method, doctoral and master's level competencies in the field of psychiatry commonly do not include dedicated training or coursework on community engagement methodologies. Without appropriate training or research experience, attempts to facilitate community engagement are often ineffective and burdensome and leave stakeholders feeling disenfranchised.

Evaluating agency-led adaptions to an evidence-based lifestyle intervention for adults with serious mental illness.

Background: Limited empirical evidence exists on the impact of adaptations that occur in implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) in real-world practice settings. The purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate adaptations to an EBP (InSHAPE) for obesity in persons with serious mental illness in a national implementation in mental health care settings.

Methods: We conducted telephone interviews with InSHAPE provider teams at 37 (95%) of 39 study sites during 24-month follow-up of a cluster randomized trial of implementation strategies for InSHAPE at behavioral health organizations.

Loneliness and its Association with Health Behaviors in People with a Lived Experience of a Serious Mental Illness.

To explore the association between loneliness and efficacy to engage in health behaviors that are known to reduce the risk of early mortality in people with serious mental illness (SMI). This secondary data analysis was based on a cross-sectional study of 113 participants with SMI residing in New Hampshire. Ordinary Least Squares regressions were used to examine bivariate relationships between variables of interest.

Systematic Review of the Impact of Behavioral Health Homes on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors for Adults With Serious Mental Illness.

Objective: This systematic review examined the impact of health homes on cardiometabolic risk among adults with serious mental illness.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedures were used to conduct the systematic review. Databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 1946 and August 2018 that compared health homes with a control condition (e.

Deficits in Sexual Interest Among Adults With Schizophrenia: Another Look at an Old Problem.

Objective: Despite the important impact of sexuality on quality of life in adults, there is a paucity of research on this topic for people with schizophrenia. This study examined predictors of sexual interest among adults with schizophrenia.

Methods: Using data from three studies with similar measures and participants with similar characteristics (N=231), the authors conducted a secondary analysis to examine the relationships among sexual interest, demographic characteristics (gender, age, living situation, and marital status), and clinical factors (sexual self-efficacy, symptom severity, and medications).

A virtual learning collaborative to implement health promotion in routine mental health settings: Protocol for a cluster randomized trial.

Background: Despite widespread use of learning collaboratives in health care, few randomized trials have evaluated their effectiveness. The primary aim of this cluster randomized implementation trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual learning collaborative (VLC) in the implementation of a lifestyle intervention for persons with serious mental illness (SMI) in routine mental health settings, compared to standard individual technical assistance.

Methods: Forty-eight mental health provider organizations from across the United States will be recruited to participate in the trial.

Adolescents' Use of Digital Technologies and Preferences for Mobile Health Coaching in Public Mental Health Settings.

Youth with mental illnesses often engage in unhealthy behaviors associated with early mortality from physical diseases in adulthood, but interventions to support positive health behaviors are rarely offered as part of routine mental health care for this group. Digital health technology that is desirable, accessible, and affordable has the potential to address health behaviors in public mental health settings where many adolescents with severe mental health problems receive care. The aims of this study were to examine how adolescents receiving public mental health services use digital technology and social media and to explore their preferences using technology to support health and wellness.

Electronic Cigarette Use During a Randomized Trial of Interventions for Smoking Cessation Among Medicaid Beneficiaries with Mental Illness.

People with mental illness have high rates of cigarette smoking, but many wish to quit. Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has become increasingly common, especially among smokers who wish to quit, but research on whether this facilitates quitting has been mixed, and little research has examined e-cigarette use among smokers with mental illness. This secondary analysis examined the associations between spontaneous e-cigarette use during cessation treatment and 6-month outcomes within a cessation trial among Medicaid beneficiaries with mental illness.

Unmet Needs of People with Serious Mental Illness: Perspectives from Certified Peer Specialists.

Examine the unmet needs of people with serious mental illness (SMI) from the perspective of certified peer specialists. 267 certified peer specialists from 38 states completed an online survey (female [73%], 50.9 [SD = 12] years, and non-Hispanic White [79.

Synthesis of complex rare earth nanostructures using liquid cell transmission electron microscopy.

Energy and cost efficient synthesis pathways are important for the production, processing, and recycling of rare earth metals necessary for a range of advanced energy and environmental applications. In this work, we present results of successful liquid cell transmission electron microscopy production and imaging of rare earth element nanostructure synthesis, from aqueous salt solutions, radiolysis due to exposure to a 200 keV electron beam. Nucleation, growth, and crystallization processes for nanostructures formed in yttrium(iii) nitrate hydrate (Y(NO)·4HO), europium(iii) chloride hydrate (EuCl·6HO), and lanthanum(iii) chloride hydrate (LaCl·7HO) solutions are discussed.

Incentivizing healthy lifestyle behaviors to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with serious mental illness: An equipoise randomized controlled trial of the wellness incentives program.

Background: Medicaid recipients with serious mental illness die 25-30 years earlier than people in the general population due to health conditions that are modifiable through lifestyle changes. Cardiovascular diseases from excess weight, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle contribute substantially to this life expectancy disparity. The current study evaluated the impact of incentives on participation in weight management programming (for overweight and obese adults) and smoking cessation treatment (for regular smokers).