Accuracy of acromioclavicular joint injections.

Background: Injection to the acromioclavicular (AC) joint can be both diagnostic and therapeutic.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of in vivo AC joint injections.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Zone-II flexor tendon repair: a randomized prospective trial of active place-and-hold therapy compared with passive motion therapy.

Background: In order to improve digit motion after zone-II flexor tendon repair, rehabilitation programs have promoted either passive motion or active motion therapy. To our knowledge, no prospective randomized trial has compared the two techniques. Our objective was to compare the results of patients treated with an active therapy program and those treated with a passive motion protocol following zone-II flexor tendon repair.

Work of flexion related to different suture materials after flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis tendon repair in zone II: a biomechanical study.

Purpose: Repair of both flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendons is commonly performed in zone II flexor tendon injuries; however, the bulk of the repair may impair tendon gliding. We evaluated whether repairing 1 slip of FDS tendon and resecting the other would significantly decrease work of flexion and whether suture material affected this interaction in an in vitro study.

Methods: The index, middle, and ring fingers from 10 fresh-frozen human cadaveric hands were disarticulated and their tendon sheaths opened.

Brachial plexus birth palsy: an overview of early treatment considerations.

Since the description by Smellie in 1764, in a French midwifery text, that first suggested an obstetric origin for upper limb birth palsy, great strides have been made in both diagnosis and early and late treatment. This report presents an overview of selected aspects of this complex and extensive subject. Early treatment options are reviewed in the context of the present controversies regarding the natural history and the indications for and timing of microsurgical intervention in infants with brachial plexus birth injuries.

The detailed anatomy of the 1,2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery for vascularized bone grafting of scaphoid nonunions.

Purpose: To describe the configuration of the 1,2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery (1,2 ICSRA), including the location of the perforators, and to discuss the clinical use of the 1,2 ICSRA for vascularized bone grafting of scaphoid nonunions.

Methods: Thirteen fresh-frozen cadaveric forearms were used to evaluate the variations in the anatomy of the 1,2 ICSRA. After injection of red latex, the 1,2 ICSRA and its perforators were characterized and measured.

Calculation of rotational deformity in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures.

Objective: Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) are common in the pediatric population. Cubitus varus deformity (CVD) is the most common long-term complication of SCHFs and may lead to elbow instability and deficits in throwing or extension. Distal fragment malrotation in the axial plane disposes to fragment tilt and CVD; however, no simple method of assessing fracture malrotation exists.

"Floating total knee": ipsilateral periprosthetic fractures of the distal femur and proximal tibia after total knee arthroplasty.

Unlabelled: Currently, there are more than 300000 primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed annually in the United States. It is estimated that 0.3% to 2.