Impact of same-day sleeve gastrectomy surgery on postoperative emergency department visits: analysis from the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.

Background: Same-day discharge after sleeve gastrectomy (SDDSG) is being performed in select patient populations with increased regularity since 2020.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of SDDSG on emergency department (ED) visits.

Setting: Academic and private practice bariatric surgery programs participating in a statewide quality improvement collaborative.

Peripheral nerve development in zebrafish requires muscle patterning by tcf15/paraxis.

The vertebrate peripheral nervous system (PNS) is an intricate network that conveys sensory and motor information throughout the body. During development, extracellular cues direct the migration of axons and glia through peripheral tissues. Currently, the suite of molecules that govern PNS axon-glial patterning is incompletely understood.

Open-Ended Inquiry into Zebrafish Nerve Development Using Image Analysis.

Open-ended laboratory projects increase student success and retention in the sciences. However, developing organismal-based research projects is a challenge for students with restricted laboratory access, such as those attending courses remotely. Here I describe the use of image analysis of zebrafish neural development for authentic research projects in an introductory biology laboratory course.

Pretraining of basic skills on a virtual reality vitreoretinal simulator: A waste of time.

Purpose: To investigate whether pretraining of basic skills in virtual vitreoretinal surgery affected the performance curve when proceeding to procedure-specific modules.

Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled, two-centre study. Medical students were randomized into two groups: Group 1 pretrained basic psycho-motor skills (Navigation Training level 2 and Bimanual Training level 3) until they reached their performance curve plateau.

Schwann cell development: From neural crest to myelin sheath.

Vertebrate nervous system function requires glial cells, including myelinating glia that insulate axons and provide trophic support that allows for efficient signal propagation by neurons. In vertebrate peripheral nervous systems, neural crest-derived glial cells known as Schwann cells (SCs) generate myelin by encompassing and iteratively wrapping membrane around single axon segments. SC gliogenesis and neurogenesis are intimately linked and governed by a complex molecular environment that shapes their developmental trajectory.

Mini-Review - Teaching Writing in the Undergraduate Neuroscience Curriculum: Its Importance and Best Practices.

In neuroscience and other scientific disciplines, instructors increasingly appreciate the value of writing. Teaching students to write well helps them succeed in school, not only because they perform better on assessments but also because well-structured writing assignments improve learning. Moreover, the ability to write well is an essential professional skill, because good clear writing in conjunction with good clear thinking results in increased success in fellowship applications, grant proposals, and publications.

[Simulation-based training in ophthalmologic surgery].

Over the past few decades, simulation-based training has become an increasingly widespread learning tool for training in medical procedures. This type of training provides the opportunity to learn in a safe simulation-based environment, where both technical and diagnostic skills can be developed. In Denmark, there has been developed evidence for simulation-based training in ophthalmology in cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.

Prenatal Predictors of Media Use During Infancy.

Parental attitudes and behavior can impact infant media use, though all existing research examines this after the baby is born. However, many studies suggest that prenatal attitudes and behavior can influence parenting practices around many different types of parenting decisions. This study examines whether this extends to parenting practices surrounding media use during infancy.

In vivo identification of small molecules mediating Gpr126/Adgrg6 signaling during Schwann cell development.

Gpr126/Adgrg6, an adhesion family G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR), is required for the development of myelinating Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Myelin supports and insulates vertebrate axons to permit rapid signal propagation throughout the nervous system. In mammals and zebrafish, mutations in Gpr126 arrest Schwann cells at early developmental stages.

2017 Midwest Zebrafish Meeting Report.

The 2017 Midwest Zebrafish meeting was held from June 16 to 18 at the University of Cincinnati, sponsored by the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Divisions of Developmental Biology, Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, and Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. The meeting, organized by Saulius Sumanas, Joshua Waxman, and Chunyue Yin, hosted >130 attendees from 16 different states. Scientific sessions were focused on morphogenesis, neural development, novel technologies, and disease models, with Steve Ekker, Stephen Potter, and Lila Solnica-Krezel presenting keynote talks.

The prion protein is an agonistic ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor Adgrg6.

Ablation of the cellular prion protein PrP(C) leads to a chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy affecting Schwann cells. Neuron-restricted expression of PrP(C) prevents the disease, suggesting that PrP(C) acts in trans through an unidentified Schwann cell receptor. Here we show that the cAMP concentration in sciatic nerves from PrP(C)-deficient mice is reduced, suggesting that PrP(C) acts via a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).

The DEG/ENaC cation channel protein UNC-8 drives activity-dependent synapse removal in remodeling GABAergic neurons.

Genetic programming and neural activity drive synaptic remodeling in developing neural circuits, but the molecular components that link these pathways are poorly understood. Here we show that the C. elegans Degenerin/Epithelial Sodium Channel (DEG/ENaC) protein, UNC-8, is transcriptionally controlled to function as a trigger in an activity-dependent mechanism that removes synapses in remodeling GABAergic neurons.

Neurobiology: Myelin Goes Where the Action Is.

There is increasing evidence that neuronal activity modulates how axons are wrapped in myelin. Two recent studies demonstrate that activity-dependent vesicle release from neurons regulates myelination in vivo.

The adhesion GPCR GPR126 has distinct, domain-dependent functions in Schwann cell development mediated by interaction with laminin-211.

Myelin ensheathes axons to allow rapid propagation of action potentials and proper nervous system function. In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells (SCs) radially sort axons into a 1:1 relationship before wrapping an axonal segment to form myelin. SC myelination requires the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR126, which undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage into an N-terminal fragment (NTF) and a seven-transmembrane-containing C-terminal fragment (CTF).

A tethered agonist within the ectodomain activates the adhesion G protein-coupled receptors GPR126 and GPR133.

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) comprise the second largest yet least studied class of the GPCR superfamily. aGPCRs are involved in many developmental processes and immune and synaptic functions, but the mode of their signal transduction is unclear. Here, we show that a short peptide sequence (termed the Stachel sequence) within the ectodomain of two aGPCRs (GPR126 and GPR133) functions as a tethered agonist.

A transcriptional program promotes remodeling of GABAergic synapses in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Although transcription factors are known to regulate synaptic plasticity, downstream genes that contribute to neural circuit remodeling are largely undefined. In Caenorhabditis elegans, GABAergic Dorsal D (DD) motor neuron synapses are relocated to new sites during larval development. This remodeling program is blocked in Ventral D (VD) GABAergic motor neurons by the COUP-TF (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor) homolog, UNC-55.

A spatial and temporal map of C. elegans gene expression.

The C. elegans genome has been completely sequenced, and the developmental anatomy of this model organism is described at single-cell resolution. Here we utilize strategies that exploit this precisely defined architecture to link gene expression to cell type.

Reinventing clinical roles and space at school.

Recognizing both the need for youth-focused acute mental health services and the barriers for low-income families to access outside services, the RALLY Program expanded its services to include direct clinical services for students within the school setting. This article explores the challenges, strategies, and benefits of implementing a fluid range of formal and informal clinical interventions within RALLY's nonstigmatizing, developmental, and inclusive approach. Balancing insurance company demands with students' nonbillable needs requires diverse funding streams and responsive programming.

A new developmentalist role: connecting youth development, mental health, and education.

The RALLY practitioner implements RALLY's prevention and intervention strategies, working with all of the students in a class to deliver nonstigmatizing, developmentally based services. The practitioner model is based on the philosophy that relationships are key to allowing students to achieve their full health and academic potential. RALLY practitioners work within the classroom individually, in small groups, and in after-school time.

Validation of an electronic system for recording medical student patient encounters.

The Liaison Committee for Medical Education requires monitoring of the students clinical experiences. Student logs, typically used for this purpose, have a number of limitations. We used an electronic system called Patient Tracker to passively generate student encounter data.