The Role of Perinatal Nurses in the Use of Tranexamic Acid During Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mitigation of PPH is dependent on identification of risk, readiness, timely identification of hemorrhage, accurate determination of blood loss, and effective treatment. Perinatal nurses must be prepared to participate in all these aspects of care, including the use of tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent that has more recently been added to the pharmacologic agents used to reduce blood loss associated with hemorrhage.

Case Report of the Management of Milk Blebs.

The formation of a milk bleb during breastfeeding is frequently associated with nipple pain that may affect the breastfeeding success of the mother-infant dyad. Early cessation of breastfeeding may occur when pain is ongoing. Timely evaluation and diagnosis and effective management are imperative to prevent tissue damage and lingering symptoms.

The Use of Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic pharmacologic agent with demonstrated effectiveness for reducing the incidence of death from blood loss following trauma and major surgery. In intrapartum care, TXA is being used in in conjunction with uterotonic agents to treat postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Based on the findings of the WOMAN trial that found TXA reduced maternal death due to PPH, the World Health Organization recommends that TXA be part of the standard comprehensive PPH treatment package, and US professional organizations recognize its use as adjunctive treatment for PPH.