Adverse childhood experiences predict anxiety during postpartum and early childhood parenting.

Perinatal anxiety disorders (PAD) affect one in five pregnant/postpartum people and are associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Effective treatment and prevention rely on early identification and management of risk factors. Our study fills a gap in literature about how maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) relate to PAD during and beyond the postpartum period.

Implementation and evaluation of a proactive consultation-liaison model on an inpatient obstetric unit.

Objective: Perinatal mental and anxiety disorders (PMADs) contribute to adverse health outcomes, though they are underrecognized and undertreated. Inpatient obstetric settings represent a unique opportunity for behavioral health engagement, including screening, brief treatment, and referrals for outpatient care. The proactive consultation-liaison (CL) model has proven effective in general hospital settings but is not well-studied in obstetric settings.

Reproductive psychiatry training: A critical component of access to perinatal mental health treatment.

Perinatal Mental Health Disorders (PMHDs) pose significant challenges to the well-being of perinatal individuals, infants, and families. Despite their prevalence and impact, PMHDs often go undetected and untreated due to gaps in clinician education and training. This manuscript reviews the current state of perinatal mental health training, identifies emerging initiatives, and discusses innovative models of care aimed at enhancing the clinical preparedness of healthcare providers.

Perinatal Psychopharmacology: Innovative Approaches to Care Delivery.

Perinatal mental health conditions are the most common complications of childbirth and have well-established enduring negative effects. Obstetric (Ob) clinicians care for patients with perinatal mental health conditions across a spectrum of acuity, severity, and complexity. Ob and psychiatric clinicians can collaborate to create a cohesive continuum of psychopharmacologic care for perinatal patients.

Behavioral Health Integration on Inpatient Obstetric Units: Program Development, Strategies for Implementation, and Lessons Learned.

Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders and substance use disorders are the primary causes of maternal mortality in the postpartum period and represent major public health concerns. Despite this, these conditions remain undertreated. Behavioral health integration in outpatient obstetric settings is necessary but insufficient to meet the needs of all patients.

Integrated Care for Pregnant and Parenting People With Substance Use.

Caring for pregnant people with substance use requires knowledge about specific substances used, treatment options, and an integrated, trauma-informed care team. This chapter will discuss crucial information for clinicians regarding evidence-based practice for screening, intervention, and ongoing support for pregnant people and their families impacted by substance use.

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and obstetrical outcomes in a predominantly Black-identifying and low-income pregnant population.

Background: Recent literature indicates that adverse childhood experiences have been associated with poor obstetrical outcomes, including pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and low birthweight. Several studies have been conducted in primarily self-identified White individuals who report middle to high income levels. Less is known about the impact of adverse childhood experiences on obstetrical outcomes in minority-identifying and low-income populations, who are known to experience a greater number of adverse childhood experiences and are at higher risk of maternal morbidity.

Trauma-Informed Care for Obstetric and Gynecologic Settings.

Purpose: Trauma is common among those seeking Ob-Gyn care and may have pervasive impact on obstetrical and gynecological health, social functioning, and healthcare engagement. While guidelines exist on the detection and treatment of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders within Ob-Gyn care, the role of Ob-gyn clinicians in identifying and addressing patients' traumatic experiences and related symptoms is less clearly delineated. This manuscript provides an overview of trauma-related symptoms in the context of Ob-Gyn care and practical guidance of clinicians aiming to improve their detection and response to trauma in their clinical practice.

Setting Common Standards for Reproductive Psychiatry Education: Effectiveness of the National Curriculum in Reproductive Psychiatry.

Objective: The National Curriculum in Reproductive Psychiatry (NCRP) provides standardized education for psychiatry residency training programs. The authors hypothesized that residents' preparedness to treat reproductive psychiatric concerns and their medical knowledge would improve following teaching with the NCRP.

Methods: Pre- and post-assessments were administered to residents enrolled in two waves of pilot NCRP training (Early-Modules and All-Modules).

Trauma Informed Care in the Obstetric Setting and Role of the Perinatal Psychiatrist: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Background: Trauma is highly prevalent, and women are twice as likely as men to develop posttraumatic stress disorder following a traumatic exposure. Consequently, many women entering the perinatal period have trauma histories. In the perinatal period, a trauma history can negatively impact treatment engagement and adversely affect the experience of pregnancy, postpartum, and parenting.

Cultivating mental health education in obstetrics and gynecology: a call to action.

Mental health disorders are common and have a significantly negative impact on the health and well-being of women. For example, perinatal mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are widely understood to be the most common complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Untreated mental health disorders are associated with significant obstetrical and psychiatric sequelae and have a long-lasting impact on neonatal and childhood outcomes.

Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prenatal Mental Health and Substance Use Among Urban, Low-Income Women.

This study examined associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and perinatal mental health and substance use among 98 low-income women (mean age 25.4 years; 93% Black/African American) referred to a mental health care manager in an urban women's clinic. Self-report and retrospective chart review data were utilized.

Attendance at Mental Health Appointments by Women Who Were Referred During Pregnancy or the Postpartum Period.

Objective: To describe characteristics of women referred to mental health care during pregnancy or the year after giving birth and to identify characteristics associated with attendance at mental health intake visits.

Design: Retrospective record review of referral documentation.

Setting: Women's health practices and perinatal mental health clinics in urban areas.

Reproductive Psychiatry Residency Training: A Survey of Psychiatric Residency Program Directors.

Objective: The reproductive life cycle has unique influences on the phenotypic expression of mental illness in women. Didactic and clinical training focused on these sex-specific influences should be a vital component of the education of future psychiatrists. The authors sought to determine the current state of and attitudes toward reproductive psychiatry in resident education.

Delivering perinatal psychiatric services in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Aim: To describe characteristics of mothers who would likely benefit from on-site short-term psychiatric services while their infant is in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: For 150 consecutive mothers who were referred for psychiatric evaluation and psychotherapeutic intervention in an innovative NICU mental health programme, baseline information was collected. Data regarding their referrals, diagnosis, treatments and infants were analysed.