Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease: A bidirectional relationship based on inflammation and oxidative stress.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) are prevalent conditions which significantly impact public health worldwide. Both diseases share inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms, an indication of a likely bidirectional relationship. This editorial explored the association between CKD and CP by highlighting common inflammatory mechanisms and recent research findings that address this interrelationship.

Minimally invasive multivisceral resection in rectal cancer: Preparation or Precipitation?

Rectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm that constitutes a significant public health challenge due to its high incidence and associated mortality. In this editorial, we comment on the article by Chan In recent years, there has been progress in the development of new treatments for initial and metastatic rectal cancer due to introduction of techniques of innovative and minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) such as laparoscopy and robotic surgery. However, only a few studies have analyzed the feasibility, safety, and results of MIS in relation to open surgery, thereby highlighting the promising and superior results of MIS in functional and oncological terms.

Periodontal disease: A silent factor in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.

The global increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications presents significant challenges to public health. Recently, per-iodontal disease (PD) was recognized as a factor that is likely to influence the progression of T2DM and its complications due to its potential to exacerbate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. In this editorial, we comment on the article published by Thazhe Poyil in the very recent issue of the in 2024, which investigated the correlation between PD and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in T2DM patients, with emphasis on the association between periodontal swollen surface area, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipoprotein (a).

Microsurgical management of radicular cyst using guided tissue regeneration technique: A case report.

Background: Radicular cyst is a lesion of odontogenic origin that arises from epithelial remains due to periapical periodontitis caused by inflammatory reactions generated at the apex of affected teeth with infected or necrotic pulps. The therapeutic management of radicular cysts is controversial. There is only one case report of enucleation of a radicular cyst managed with microsurgery and apicoectomy, but without the use of the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technique in the same surgical procedure.

Unusual clinical presentation of oral pyogenic granuloma with severe alveolar bone loss: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a localized, reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity. In most cases, the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bone resorption. The pathology is diagnosed clinically with some caution.

Gingival enlargement induced by cyclosporine in Medullary aplasia: A case report.

Background: Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive agent used effectively for treatment of a rare haematological disorder known as medullary aplasia. This drug prevents several side effects, including gingival enlargement (GE) which compromises aesthetics, phonetics and chewing, and also predisposes patients to periodontitis.

Case Summary: This clinical case reports a 41-year-old woman who presented with cyclosporine-induced GE with underlying periodontitis and medullary aplasia.

Oral Manifestations Associated with HIV/AIDS Patients.

Oral manifestations are early and important clinical indicators of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection since they can occur in up to 50% of HIV-infected patients and in up to 80% of patients at the AIDS stage (<200 CD4+ T lymphocytes). Oral health is related to physical and mental well-being because the presence of some lesions can compromise dental aesthetics, and alter speech, chewing, and swallowing, thus impacting the quality of life of patients. For this reason, it is necessary to integrate, as part of the medical treatment of HIV-positive patients, the prevention, diagnosis, and control of oral health.

Oral Antiseptics against SARS-CoV-2: A Literature Review.

Dentists are health care workers with the highest risk of exposure to COVID-19, because the oral cavity is considered to be a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The identification of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, the generation of aerosols, and the proximity to patients during dental procedures are conditions that have led to these health care workers implementing additional disinfection strategies for their protection. Oral antiseptics are widely used chemical substances due to their ability to reduce the number of microorganisms.

In vitro Azole antifungals susceptibility of Candida spp. isolates from HIV-infected patients with periodontitis.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the in vitro Azole antifungals susceptibility of Candida spp. strains isolated from HIV-positive patients with periodontitis.

Methods: Oral examination was performed in 500 HIV-positive patients, of which 228 were included in the study for having periodontitis which and separated in two groups based on their TCD4 T-cells: (A) n = 110 (≤200 CD4); (B) n = 118 (>200 CD4).