Fracture-related infection blood-based biomarkers: Diagnostic strategies.

Fracture-related infections are significant postoperative complications that carry substantial patient burden and additional healthcare costs. Despite their impact on outcome, early diagnosis of these infections remains challenging due to current available tests lacking acceptable diagnostic parameters. This review compiles existing information on blood-based biomarkers that have been evaluated as early diagnostic tools and highlights the challenges in their reliability.

Proteomic Analyses of Plasma From Patients With Fracture-Related Infection Reveals Systemic Activation of the Complement and Coagulation Cascades.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare plasma proteomes of patients with confirmed fracture-related infections (FRIs) matched to noninfected controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Design: This was a prospective case-control study.

Setting: The study was conducted at a single, academic, Level 1 trauma center.

Evaluation of Surgical Gown Cuff Contamination During Orthopaedic Surgery in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital.

Objective:  The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of positive cultures of the surgical gown cuffs among scrubbed personnel prior to and immediately after orthopaedic surgical procedures performed on client-owned dogs.

Study Design:  In this cross-sectional study, the left and right surgical gown cuffs of three scrubbed persons in 10 orthopaedic surgical procedures were individually sampled using a sterile wipe prior to and immediately after surgery in order to determine the frequency of and risk factors associated with positive bacterial cultures.

Results:  Fifty of 120 (41.

Effectiveness of the Lorodent Probiotic Lozenge in Reducing Plaque and Levels in Orthodontic Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial.

Orthodontic patients are at a significant risk for oral diseases due to increased plaque accumulation and oral bacterial dysbiosis. We aimed to determine the efficacy of the commercially available Lorodent Probiotic Complex at reducing plaque accumulation and bacterial levels in adolescent orthodontic patients. Sixty adolescents undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment for a minimum of 6 months were recruited in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial.

Utility of Plasma Protein Biomarkers and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy for Diagnosing Fracture-related Infections: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To compare a large panel of plasma protein inflammatory biomarkers and mid-infrared (MIR) spectral patterns in patients with confirmed fracture-related infections (FRIs) with those in controls without infection.

Design: Prospective case-control study.

Setting: Academic, Level 1 trauma center.

Evidence of acrolein in synovial fluid of dogs with osteoarthritis as a potential inflammatory biomarker.

Background: Acrolein is a known pro-inflammatory toxic aldehyde, propagating cellular damage and tissue inflammation in humans and animal models of various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) has a significant inflammatory component; however, presence of acrolein in synovial fluid of joints with OA has not been previously reported. The first aim of this study was to evaluate evidence of acrolein in the synovial fluid of dogs with OA as well as in Control joints.

Tibial Apophyseal Percutaneous Pinning in Skeletally Immature Dogs: 25 Cases (2016-2019).

Objective:  The aim of this study was to report the clinical experience with fluoroscopically guided tibial apophyseal percutaneous pinning (TAPP) for tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures (TTAF).

Study Design:  This is a retrospective case series.

Materials And Methods:  Medical records of skeletally immature dogs ( = 25) were reviewed.

Evaluation of serum MMP-2 and MMP-3, synovial fluid IL-8, MCP-1, and KC concentrations as biomarkers of stifle osteoarthritis associated with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and MMP-3 in serum, and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant 1 (MCP-1) in synovial fluid (SF) as stifle osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers in dogs. Dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture (OA group) and healthy controls were recruited. Stifles with CrCL deficiency were surgically stabilized.

Infrared spectroscopy of synovial fluid as a potential screening approach for the diagnosis of naturally occurring canine osteoarthritis associated with cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

Objective: To evaluate infrared (IR) spectroscopy of synovial fluid (SF) as tool to differentiate between knees of dogs with naturally occurring OA associated with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CrCLR) and controls.

Method: 104 adult dogs with CrCLR (affected group) and 50 adult control dogs were recruited in a prospective observational study. Synovial fluid (SF) samples were collected preoperatively from dogs with CrCLR and from a subset of these at 4-, and 12-week post-surgery.

Qualitative Assessment of Four Types of Three-Dimensional Printed Anatomical Tibial Bone Models Compared to Commercially Available Models.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare technical and physical features of four three-dimensional printed bone models used for teaching purposes to commercial models.

Study Design:  A canine tibia was imaged using computed tomography and used for model development. Tibial models were printed using Resin, polylactide acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS).

Incidence of statin use in older adults with and without cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, January 2008- March 2018.

Background: Data from randomized controlled trials and observational studies on older adults who take statins for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are limited. To determine the incidence of statin use in older adults with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or diabetes (DM), we conducted a descriptive observational study.

Methods: The cohort consisted of health plan members in the NIH Collaboratory Distributed Research Network aged >75 years who had continuous drug and medical benefits for ≥183 days during the study period, January 1, 2008- March 31, 2018.

Comparison of complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy in cats.

Objective: To compare complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy (VBO) in cats.

Animals: 282 client-owned cats treated by VBO at 25 veterinary referral and academic hospitals from 2005 through 2016.

Procedures: Medical records of cats were reviewed to collect information on signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, surgical and postoperative management details, complications (anesthetic, surgical, and postoperative), and outcome.

A Query Workflow Design to Perform Automatable Distributed Regression Analysis in Large Distributed Data Networks.

Introduction: Patient privacy and data security concerns often limit the feasibility of pooling patient-level data from multiple sources for analysis. Distributed data networks (DDNs) that employ privacy-protecting analytical methods, such as distributed regression analysis (DRA), can mitigate these concerns. However, DRA is not routinely implemented in large DDNs.

Risk factors and prognostic indicators for surgical outcome of dogs with esophageal foreign body obstructions.

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors for surgical intervention, complications, and outcome in dogs with an esophageal foreign body (EFB). DESIGN Retrospective observational study. ANIMALS 224 incidents of EFB in 223 dogs evaluated at a veterinary teaching hospital from 1995 through 2014.

Clinical findings and prognostic factors for dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for gall bladder mucocele.

Objective: To report clinical findings and explore prognostic factors for dogs that had cholecystectomy for gall bladder mucocele.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Dogs (n = 43) with gall bladder mucoceles.

Effect of analgesic therapy on clinical outcome measures in a randomized controlled trial using client-owned dogs with hip osteoarthritis.

Background: Pain and impaired mobility because of osteoarthritis (OA) is common in dogs and humans. Efficacy studies of analgesic drug treatment of dogs with naturally occurring OA may be challenging, as a caregiver placebo effect is typically evident. However, little is known about effect sizes of common outcome-measures in canine clinical trials evaluating treatment of OA pain.

Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma in proximal humerus of a dog.

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) was diagnosed in the proximal humerus of a dog that was presented with persistent right forelimb lameness with no clinical signs of urinary tract involvement. A diagnosis of TCC was made from surgical biopsy of the humeral lesion with subsequent necropsy revealing the prostatic urethra as the primary site of the tumor.

Feasibility of percutaneous catheterization and embolization of the thoracic duct in dogs.

Objective: To develop and determine the feasibility of a novel minimally invasive technique for percutaneous catheterization and embolization of the thoracic duct (PCETD) in dogs and to determine thoricic duct TD pressure at rest and during short-term balloon occlusion of the cranial vena cava (CrVC).

Animals: Fifteen 7- to 11-month-old healthy mixed-breed dogs.

Procedures: Efferent intestinal lymphangiography was performed, and the cisterna chyli was punctured with a trochar needle percutaneously under fluoroscopic guidance.

Contralateral cruciate survival in dogs with unilateral non-contact cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

Background: Non-contact cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CrCLR) is an important cause of lameness in client-owned dogs and typically occurs without obvious injury. There is a high incidence of bilateral rupture at presentation or subsequent contralateral rupture in affected dogs. Although stifle synovitis increases risk of contralateral CrCLR, relatively little is known about risk factors for subsequent contralateral rupture, or whether therapeutic intervention may modify this risk.

Detection of C60 and C70 in a young planetary nebula.

In recent decades, a number of molecules and diverse dust features have been identified by astronomical observations in various environments. Most of the dust that determines the physical and chemical characteristics of the interstellar medium is formed in the outflows of asymptotic giant branch stars and is further processed when these objects become planetary nebulae. We studied the environment of Tc 1, a peculiar planetary nebula whose infrared spectrum shows emission from cold and neutral C60 and C70.

Granulocytic anaplasmosis in three dogs from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Three dogs from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan were diagnosed with acute granulocytic anaplasmosis. Fever, lethargy, inappetence, vomiting, diarrhea, and lameness were reported. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and splenomegaly were identified in all dogs.