Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of isolates obtained from swine within the United States.

Introduction: is bacterial pathogen that is pervasive in swine populations and serves multiple roles in respiratory disease.

Methods: This study utilized whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis to assess the sequence type (ST), identify the genetic diversity of genes predicted to encode regulatory and virulence factors, and evaluated any potential antimicrobial resistance harbored by isolates obtained from swine within the U.S.

Genome Sequences of Streptococcus suis Isolates Obtained from Pigs in the United States between 2015 and 2017.

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic swine pathogen responsible for substantial health and economic burdens to the swine industry worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 106 S. suis isolates obtained within the United States between 2015 and 2017.

Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance Isolate Bank Number 0346.

Plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance encoded by has increased public health concerns due to the potential for rapid horizontal transfer. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance Isolate Bank number 0346, harboring a plasmid-borne gene.

Comparative Virulence and Genomic Analysis of Isolates.

is a zoonotic bacterial swine pathogen causing substantial economic and health burdens to the pork industry. Mechanisms used by to colonize and cause disease remain unknown and vaccines and/or intervention strategies currently do not exist. Studies addressing virulence mechanisms used by have been complicated because different isolates can cause a spectrum of disease outcomes ranging from lethal systemic disease to asymptomatic carriage.

Complete Genome Sequence of Bordetella bronchiseptica Strain KM22.

isolate KM22 has been used in experimental infections of swine as a model of clinical infection and to study host-to-host transmission. The draft genome sequence of KM22 was reported in 2014. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of KM22.

Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Antibiotic-Resistant Isolate AR Bank #0349.

The emergence of plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance encoded by has heightened public health concerns due to the potential for rapid horizontal transfer. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of AR Bank #0349, which exhibits resistance to colistin encoded by a plasmid-borne gene.

Comparative genomic and methylome analysis of non-virulent D74 and virulent Nagasaki Haemophilus parasuis isolates.

Haemophilus parasuis is a respiratory pathogen of swine and the etiological agent of Glässer's disease. H. parasuis isolates can exhibit different virulence capabilities ranging from lethal systemic disease to subclinical carriage.

The Bordetella Bps Polysaccharide Is Required for Biofilm Formation and Enhances Survival in the Lower Respiratory Tract of Swine.

is pervasive in swine populations and plays multiple roles in respiratory disease. Additionally, is capable of establishing long-term or chronic infections in swine. Bacterial biofilms are increasingly recognized as important contributors to chronic bacterial infections.

Comparative genomic analysis of the swine pathogen Bordetella bronchisepticastrain KM22.

The well-characterized Bordetella bronchiseptica strain KM22, originally isolated from a pig with atrophic rhinitis, has been used to develop a reproducible swine respiratory disease model. The goal of this study was to identify genetic features unique to KM22 by comparing the genome sequence of KM22 to the laboratory reference strain RB50. To gain a broader perspective of the genetic relationship of KM22 among other B.

Virulence and draft genome sequence overview of multiple strains of the swine pathogen Haemophilus parasuis.

Haemophilus parasuis is the cause of Glässer's disease in swine, which is characterized by systemic infection resulting in polyserositis, meningitis, and arthritis. Investigation of this animal disease is complicated by the enormous differences in the severity of disease caused by H. parasuis strains, ranging from lethal systemic disease to subclinical carriage.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Bordetella bronchiseptica Swine Isolate KM22.

Bordetella bronchiseptica swine isolate KM22 has been used in experimental infections of swine as a model of clinical B. bronchiseptica infections within swine herds and to study host-to-host transmission. Here we report the draft genome sequence of KM22.

The Bordetella bronchiseptica type III secretion system is required for persistence and disease severity but not transmission in swine.

Bordetella bronchiseptica is pervasive in swine populations and plays multiple roles in respiratory disease. Most studies addressing virulence factors of B. bronchiseptica utilize isolates derived from hosts other than pigs in conjunction with rodent infection models.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) isolates of swine origin form robust biofilms.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization of livestock animals is common and prevalence rates for pigs have been reported to be as high as 49%. Mechanisms contributing to the persistent carriage and high prevalence rates of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) strains in swine herds and production facilities have not been investigated. One explanation for the high prevalence of MRSA in swine herds is the ability of these organisms to exist as biofilms.

Phenotypic modulation of the virulent Bvg phase is not required for pathogenesis and transmission of Bordetella bronchiseptica in swine.

The majority of virulence gene expression in Bordetella is regulated by a two-component sensory transduction system encoded by the bvg locus. In response to environmental cues, the BvgAS regulatory system controls expression of a spectrum of phenotypic phases, transitioning between a virulent (Bvg(+)) phase and a nonvirulent (Bvg(-)) phase, a process referred to as phenotypic modulation. We hypothesized that the ability of Bordetella bronchiseptica to undergo phenotypic modulation is required at one or more points during the infectious cycle in swine.

Characterization of Cdk9(55) and differential regulation of two Cdk9 isoforms.

Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) controls the fraction of initiated RNA polymerase II molecules that make full length transcripts. This important factor is a heterodimer of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9) and one of four cyclin partners, cyclin T1, T2a, T2b or K. There are two isoforms of Cdk9 in mammalian cells, Cdk9(42) and Cdk9(55).

Identification of a novel isoform of Cdk9.

Positive transcription factor b (P-TEFb) is required for RNA polymerase II to make the transition from abortive to productive elongation. This important factor is a heterodimer of a cyclin-dependent kinase, cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9), and one of four cyclin partners, cyclin T1, T2a, T2b or K. We demonstrate here that there exists in cells a second form of Cdk9 that is 13 kDa larger than the protein originally identified.