Biosecurity Strategies for Optimization of Calf Health in North American Beef and Dairy Operations.

As the operations we serve continue to evolve, it will be essential to safeguard calf health to optimize future productivity in the beef and dairy industries. Veterinarians serve a critical role of educating producers and overseeing worker training protocols by communicating consistent messaging on the importance of biosecurity. Managing biosecurity for calves within the beef industry will always be directly impacted by the pathogen exposure from new additions to the herd, shared grazing sites, fomites, and environmental factors.

Sensitivity of dairy calf serotype Cerro isolates to infection-relevant stressors.

serotype Cerro (. Cerro) is an emerging serotype isolated from cattle, but the association of . Cerro with disease is not well understood.

Prognostic indicators for survival of downer cattle treated using a flotation tank in a referral hospital: 190 cases (2000-2020).

Background: Nonambulatory cattle present therapeutic challenges in addition to animal welfare concerns. Flotation therapy is a treatment option, but more information regarding prognostic indicators for survival is needed to guide use of this modality.

Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluate historical and clinical variables assessed during hospitalization as prognostic indicators for survival in recumbent cattle undergoing flotation treatment in a referral hospital.

Assessing the effects of experimental bacterial challenge with Pasteurella multocida and ampicillin on the respiratory microbiota of pre-weaned Holstein calves.

The association between changes in the respiratory microbiota and Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) in dairy calves is not well understood. We investigated characteristics of the nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiota associated with BRD following Pasteurella multocida infection. We also evaluated the effect of ampicillin on the respiratory microbiota.

Changes in the host transcriptome and microbial metatranscriptome of the ileum of dairy calves subjected to artificial dosing of exogenous rumen contents.

Development of a properly functioning gastrointestinal tract (GIT) at an early age is critical for the wellbeing and lifetime productivity of dairy cattle. The role of early microbial colonization on GIT development in neonatal cattle and the associated molecular changes remain largely unknown, particularly for the small intestine. In this study, we performed artificial dosing of exogenous rumen fluid during the early life of the calf, starting at birth through the weaning transition at 8 wk.

The effect of foot-and-mouth disease vaccination on early pregnancy loss in beef heifers in Argentina.

The threat of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in South America has global economic implications and retaining a FMD Free status under the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) remains a top priority. In Argentina the Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASA), the national service of agri-food health and quality, requires cattle located in the Pampean region of the Salado River basin to receive two foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccinations per year, which results in one vaccination coinciding with beef cattle breeding season. While the vaccination program remains necessary, there is a growing concern amongst food animal veterinarians, that the overlap of FMD vaccination with the first 35 days of the breeding season is associated with early pregnancy loss (EPL).

Identification by next-generation sequencing of Aichivirus B in a calf with enterocolitis and neurologic signs.

An 11-d-old Holstein bull calf was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of Wisconsin-Madison because of a 4-d history of diarrhea and persistent low-grade fever. Initial diagnosis was enteritis caused by Cryptosporidium and rotavirus. During hospitalization, the calf became stuporous and was only responsive to noxious stimuli, with hypotonia of all 4 limbs, tail, head, and neck.

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease in a yak.

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) infection was diagnosed in a 3-year-old yak. The yak had signs of intermittent tremors, dysphagia, oral ulcerative lesions, hemorrhagic enteritis, tachypnea, and thrombocytopenia. Postmortem diagnostics confirmed EHDV (serotype 2) using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).