Strengthening Community Responses to Economic vulnerability (SeCuRE): a protocol of an HIV status-neutral pilot randomized clinical trial with transgender women of color in Detroit, Michigan.

Background: In the United States (US), transgender women of color experience cyclical, interlocking systems of structural and institutional oppression rooted in racism and transphobia, which fuel economic vulnerability. Together, cycles of intersecting racism, transphobia, and economic vulnerability create conditions that give rise to extreme HIV inequities among transgender women of color. Microeconomic interventions - designed to improve financial standing by increasing income generation and access to financial resources through entrepreneurship, cash transfers, and training - have the potential to address structural factors underlying HIV inequities.

Digital-Assisted Self-interview of HIV or Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Behaviors in Transmasculine Adults: Development and Field Testing of the Transmasculine Sexual Health Assessment.

Background: The sexual health of transmasculine (TM) people-those who identify as male, men, or nonbinary and were assigned a female sex at birth-is understudied. One barrier to conducting HIV- and sexually transmitted infection (STI)-related research with this population is how to best capture sexual risk data in an acceptable, gender-affirming, and accurate manner.

Objective: This study aimed to report on the community-based process of developing, piloting, and refining a digitally deployed measure to assess self-reported sexual behaviors associated with HIV and STI transmission for research with TM adults.

Perceptions of Partner Decarceration among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the early release of thousands of incarcerated individuals, including those with histories of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Survivor advocates stress the importance of adequate supports for decarcerated individuals during re-entry, and notification and supports for their partners or ex-partners if there is a history of IPV. This survey assessed IPV survivors' expectations of and experiences with decarceration in the state of Michigan.

Factors associated with transmasculine adults recently engaging in sexual behavior with partners of unknown STI and HIV status.

The sexual partnerships of transmasculine (TM) adults-those assigned female at birth who identify as transgender men or a masculine spectrum gender identity-and characteristics associated with STI/HIV risk behavior remains understudied. Participants in the current study were TM adults (n = 141) receiving care at a community health center in Boston, Massachusetts between March 2015 and September 2016. Using generalized estimating equations, we examined individual- and partnership-level factors associated with TM adults' odds of engaging in sexual behavior with a sexual partner of unknown STI/HIV status in the past 12 months.

Increases in Intimate Partner Violence During COVID-19: Prevalence and Correlates.

Measures to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic led to stay-at-home orders across the world, accompanied by fears of a global surge in intimate partner violence (IPV). We administered an online general-population survey to 1169 women and transgender/nonbinary individuals throughout the state of Michigan in June-August 2020 to assess changes in the prevalence, severity, and correlates of IPV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quota sampling was used to match the racial/ethnic and urban/rural distribution of the state.

Chest binding in context: stigma, fear, and lack of information drive negative outcomes.

Chest binding or 'binding' is a practice used by many trans and nonbinary people assigned a female sex at birth to achieve a flatter chest contour and affirm their gender. Binding allows individuals to affirm their gender in a temporary, reversible way. While many individuals who bind report negative physical symptoms, binding also often carries significant benefits for mental health and safety.

The transgender-specific intimate partner violence scale for research and practice: Validation in a sample of transgender women.

Study/research Objective: To develop and validate a brief intimate partner violence (IPV) scale that screens for controlling behaviors and psychological abuse tactics directed toward transgender individuals.

Rationale: Transgender individuals are at elevated risk of physical and sexual IPV compared to cisgender individuals. IPV often takes on unique dimensions against transgender individuals, such as when an abusive partner threatens to "out" the transgender person, or use other tactics that weaponize transphobia within the relationship.

Gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability in the time of COVID-19: A multi-national, cross-sectional study of transgender and nonbinary people.

Background: Transgender and nonbinary people are disproportionately affected by structural barriers to quality healthcare, mental health challenges, and economic hardship. This study examined the impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis and subsequent control measures on gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability among transgender and nonbinary people in multiple countries.

Methods: We collected multi-national, cross-sectional data from 964 transgender and nonbinary adult users of the Hornet and Her apps from April to August 2020 to characterize changes in gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability as a result of COVID-19.

Preliminary findings for adverse childhood experiences and associations with negative physical and mental health and victimization in transmasculine adults.

Introduction: Studies highlight the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on risk for negative health outcomes in adulthood, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, substance use, and mental health. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people report higher rates of ACEs than non-LGBT people, with transgender people at greatest risk.

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively assess the prevalence of ACEs and association with health outcomes among transmasculine individuals.

Time to First Onset of Chest Binding-Related Symptoms in Transgender Youth.

Background And Objectives: Most transgender individuals assigned female at birth use chest binding (ie, wearing a tight garment to flatten chest tissue for the purpose of gender expression), often beginning in adolescence, to explore their gender identity. Although binding is often critical for mental health, negative physical side effects, ranging from chronic pain to rib fractures, are common. Time to first onset of symptoms is unknown.

Gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability in the time of COVID-19: a global cross-sectional study of transgender and non-binary people.

Background: Transgender and non-binary people are disproportionately burdened by barriers to quality healthcare, mental health challenges, and economic hardship. This study examined the impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and subsequent control measures on gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability among transgender and non-binary people globally.

Methods: We collected global cross-sectional data from 964 transgender and non-binary adult users of the Hornet and Her apps from April to August 2020 to characterize changes in gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Intimate Partner Violence in Transgender Populations: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prevalence and Correlates.

Transgender individuals experience unique vulnerabilities to intimate partner violence (IPV) and may experience a disproportionate IPV burden compared with cisgender (nontransgender) individuals. To systematically review the quantitative literature on prevalence and correlates of IPV in transgender populations. Authors searched research databases (PubMed, CINAHL), gray literature (Google), journal tables of contents, and conference abstracts, and consulted experts in the field.

"An ethnographic exploration of factors that drive policing of street-based female sex workers in a U.S. setting - identifying opportunities for intervention".

Background: Building on a broader sociological discourse around policing approaches towards vulnerable populations, increasing public health and human rights evidence points to policing practices as a key health determinant, particularly among street-based sex workers. Despite the importance of policing as a structural health determinant, few studies have sought to understand the factors that underlie and shape harmful policing practices towards sex workers. This study therefore aimed to explore the drivers for policing attitudes and practices towards street-based cisgender female sex workers.

Enacting power and constructing gender in cervical cancer screening encounters between transmasculine patients and health care providers.

Transmasculine people are at risk of cervical cancer but have lower rates of cervical cancer screening than cisgender women. Disaffirmation of the patient's gender and unequal power dynamics between patient and provider during screening contribute to patient unwillingness to be screened. The mechanisms by which the balance of power may be shifted between patient and provider, and by which gender is constructed during the Pap test, are not well understood.

Demographic and Behavioral Profiles of Nonbinary and Binary Transgender Youth.

Emerging literature suggests there may be important differences in the demographic characteristics and health profiles of nonbinary transgender youth compared to binary transgender youth. Between June 2017 and June 2018, 202 transgender youth aged 15-24 years were recruited into a randomized trial of home HIV testing, Project Moxie. This analysis compares demographic and health risk behavior characteristics between youth reporting nonbinary and binary transgender identities in baseline surveys.

Associations Between Violence and HIV Risk Behaviors Differ by Perpetrator Among Russian Sex Workers.

Violence is associated with HIV and HIV risk behaviors among female sex workers (FSW). However, few studies assess multiple forms of violence and multiple HIV risk behaviors to build a comprehensive picture of how violence is implicated in HIV risk. Using respondent-driven sampling, 754 FSW were recruited in the Russian Federation.

Polyvictimization Among Russian Sex Workers: Intimate Partner, Police, and Pimp Violence Cluster With Client Violence.

Female sex workers (FSW) are a key population in the HIV epidemic and face high levels of violence. While women globally are predominantly at risk of intimate partner violence (IPV), FSW are additionally vulnerable to violence from clients, police, and pimps associated with their occupation. FSW are therefore at risk of cumulative trauma from polyvictimization, or violence from multiple types of perpetrators.

Human Papillomavirus Risk Perceptions Among Young Adult Sexual Minority Cisgender Women and Nonbinary Individuals Assigned Female at Birth.

Context: Some sexual minority women may be less likely than other women to engage in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevention behaviors. Although risk perceptions have been found to be associated with health behaviors, HPV risk perceptions among U.S.

Development of a Novel Tool to Assess Intimate Partner Violence Against Transgender Individuals.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) takes on unique dimensions when directed against transgender individuals, with perpetrators leveraging transphobia to assert power and control. Standard IPV measurement tools do not assess this type of IPV. Four questions to assess transgender-related IPV (T-IPV) were developed: (a) being forced to conform to an undesired gender presentation or to stop pursuing gender transition; (b) being pressured to remain in a relationship by being told no one would date a transgender person; (c) being "outed" as a form of blackmail; and (d) having transition-related hormones, prosthetics, or clothing hidden or destroyed.

Chest Binding and Care Seeking Among Transmasculine Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Chest binding, or compressing the chest tissue, is a common practice among transmasculine individuals that can promote mental health, but frequently results in negative physical health symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of care seeking for binding-related health concerns among transmasculine adults. Descriptive statistics were calculated and logistic regression models were run using data from the Binding Health Project, a cross-sectional online survey among transgender adults who had practiced chest binding (=1800).

Intersectional nativity and racial/ethnic disparities in human papillomavirus vaccination initiation among U.S. women: a national population-based study.

Background: Overall, foreign-born women are less likely than U.S.-born women to have initiated human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Initiation Among Sexual Orientation Identity and Racial/Ethnic Subgroups of Black and White U.S. Women and Girls: An Intersectional Analysis.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, which is recommended for U.S. women and girls aged 11-26 years, effectively prevents cervical cancer.