Successful perioperative management in a patient with factor XI deficiency.

Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is an autosomal disorder which manifests as bleeding of varying severity. While homozygotes typically experience more dramatic bleeding symptoms, heterozygotes may experience clinically significant bleeding following surgical procedures or trauma, and therefore the condition is not purely recessive. The clinical significance of FXI deficiency is complicated in that FXI levels do not correlate well with bleeding severity, and in fact the bleeding risk is variable even for an individual in response to different haemostatic challenges.

Factors influencing decisions about a career in hepatology: A survey of gastroenterology fellows.

Despite an unmet need for hepatologists in the United States, every year transplant hepatology (TH) fellowship positions remain unfilled. To address this, we investigated factors that influence trainee decisions about pursuing a career in hepatology. We invited current gastroenterology (GI) and TH fellows from all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited programs for the academic year 2014-2015 to participate in an online survey about factors influencing decisions to train in hepatology.