Determinants and outcomes of motivation in health professions education: a systematic review based on self-determination theory.

Purpose: This study aimed at conducting a systematic review in health professions education of determinants, mediators and outcomes of students' motivation to engage in academic activities based on the self-determination theory's perspective.

Methods: A search was conducted across databases (MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases), hand-search of relevant journals, grey literature, and published research profile of key authors. Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if they reported research in health professions education focused on determinants, mediators, and/or outcomes of motivation from the self-determination and if meeting the quality criteria.

Patients' perception of infection prevention in dental practice.

Patient's perceptions of risk from bloodborne viruses (BBVs) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (vCJD) in relation to attendance at dental practice is understudied. This survey of an opportunistic sample of 50 dental practice patients examined patients' perceptions of the risk of acquiring BBVs and vCJD following dental treatment. Major concerns of patients revolved around hand hygiene practices rather than risks from BBVs or vCJD.

Psychosocial functioning and health-related quality of life in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives: The present systematic review examined the literature focusing on psychosocial functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in young people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It aimed to critique the methodological quality of the identified studies, discuss the implications of their findings, and make recommendations for future research.

Patients And Methods: Relevant articles (January 1990-December 2009) were subject to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Medical, psychological, and sociodemographic factors associated with adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programs: a systematic review.

Objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs have been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity rates among coronary heart disease patients, but adherence to these classes has been found to be poor. This review aims to summarize and integrate research findings investigating the possible sociodemographic, medical, and psychological variables that influence patient adherence to CR programs. It also aims to address the methodological failings of past reviews conducted in this area.

The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other commonly used non-narcotic analgesics on blood pressure level in adults.

This review explores the blood pressure effects of three non-narcotic analgesics: non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), paracetamol and aspirin. The current evidence suggests that in normotensive, otherwise healthy adults, short-term use (1-2 weeks) of NSAIDs is not associated with a significant increase in blood pressure. Those with existing hypertension are more likely to see a blood pressure elevation, although the magnitude of the effect is less predictable and may vary with age, baseline blood pressure, type of NSAID and concurrent antihypertensive therapy.

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by dimeric gallotannin analogues.

Designed dimeric gallotannin analogues featuring two tetragalloylglucopyranose cores connected by various hydrocarbon linkers inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by up to 53% (5-24 microM concentration range) compared to control. Comparable suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels (approximately 50% vs control) was observed in the plasma of rats co-treated with lipopolysaccharide and specific tannin analogues selected for their lack of interleukin 1-beta stimulating activity.