Incidence, Survival, and Predictors of Lymph Node Involvement in Early-Stage Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma in the US.

Introduction: The incidence, survival, and propensity for nodal metastasis in early-stage gastric signet ring cell carcinoma have not been defined in the United States. These data are critical determinants for treatment allocation.

Methods: Cases of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma were extracted from the national SEER database for the years 2004-2013.

Lymph node metastasis in early gastric adenocarcinoma in the United States of America.

Background And Study Aims: Localized approaches are being increasingly used in the management of early gastric adenocarcinoma; however, there are limited data on lymph node metastasis in the US population. This study examined the incidence and predictors of lymph node involvement for early-stage gastric adenocarcinomas in the USA.

Patients And Methods: Data were abstracted from the national SEER database from 2004 to 2013.

The influence of neighborhood characteristics on police officers' encounters with persons suspected to have a serious mental illness.

Objective: Police officers' decisions and behaviors are impacted by the neighborhood context in which police encounters occur. For example, officers may use greater force and be more likely to make arrests in disadvantaged neighborhoods. We examined whether neighborhood characteristics influence police encounters with individuals suspected to have a serious mental illness, addictive disorder, or developmental disability.

Measuring insight through patient self-report: an in-depth analysis of the factor structure of the Birchwood Insight Scale.

Little research has focused on item analysis and factor structure of the most commonly used measures of insight. We examined the factorial structure of the Birchwood Insight Scale (BIS), a brief, easy-to-administer, self-report measure. We studied the BIS in 327 first-episode psychosis patients, including a test sample (n=163) and a validation sample (n=164).

Measuring trauma and stressful events in childhood and adolescence among patients with first-episode psychosis: initial factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Trauma Experiences Checklist.

Past trauma and stressful events, especially in childhood and adolescence, are common among individuals with serious mental illnesses like schizophrenia. Traumatic experiences are thought to be a socio-environmental risk factor not only for poorer outcomes, but also potentially for the onset of these disorders. Because improved measurement tools are needed, we developed and studied, among 205 first-episode psychosis patients, the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and initial validity of the Trauma Experiences Checklist (TEC), our measure of trauma and stressful events during childhood/adolescence.

Demographic, socio-environmental, and substance-related predictors of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP).

Objective: Longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with poorer early-course and long-term outcomes, and is a target of early detection and intervention efforts. Given the paucity of research on childhood and adolescent stressors (e.g.

An examination of associations between the inability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and clinical characteristics and trait markers in first-episode, nonaffective psychotic disorders.

Research findings are mixed as to whether or not the inability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) might represent an endophenotypic trait marker for schizophrenia. We hypothesized associations between PTC-tasting status and select clinical characteristics and trait markers in patients with psychotic disorders that, if present, would provide support for the inability to taste PTC as a trait marker. In a first-episode psychosis sample (n=93), we measured PTC tasting, family history of psychosis, age at onset of prodrome and psychosis, severity of positive and negative symptoms, global impairment in functioning, neurological soft signs, and four neurocognitive domains (verbal learning/memory, visual learning/memory, verbal working memory, and spatial working memory).

Phonetic measures of reduced tongue movement correlate with negative symptom severity in hospitalized patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Background: Aprosody, or flattened speech intonation, is a recognized negative symptom of schizophrenia, though it has rarely been studied from a linguistic/phonological perspective. To bring the latest advances in computational linguistics to the phenomenology of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, a clinical first-episode psychosis research team joined with a phonetics/computational linguistics team to conduct a preliminary, proof-of-concept study.

Methods: Video recordings from a semi-structured clinical research interview were available from 47 first-episode psychosis patients.

Prevalence and psychosocial correlates of prior incarcerations in an urban, predominantly African-American sample of hospitalized patients with first-episode psychosis.

High rates of incarceration and criminal justice system recidivism among individuals with serious mental illnesses have long been topics of concern, but few studies have examined rates of prior incarceration at the point of first treatment contact. In a sample of 109 urban, low-income, predominantly African-American patients hospitalized for first-episode psychosis, 57.8 percent reported a history of incarceration.