Physical activity and tobacco smoking in the German adult population.

Background: Physical inactivity and tobacco smoking remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Germany, smoking prevalence is high at around 30%, and only 45% achieve the WHO recommendation for physical activity (PA). Understanding how smoking and physical inactivity co-occur can inform interventions targeting these behaviours.

Paying the price: Financial hardship and its association with psychological distress among different population groups in the midst of Great Britain's cost-of-living crisis.

Background: Great Britain has been experiencing a cost-of-living crisis since late 2021, with the cost of everyday essentials rising more quickly than the average household income. This study provides up-to-date information on levels of subjective and objective financial hardship during this crisis, differences across population subgroups, and associations with psychological distress.

Methods: We used data from a representative cross-sectional survey of adults (≥16 y) in Great Britain (n = 7,027) conducted January-March 2023.

Effectiveness of the Offer of the Smoke Free Smartphone App Compared With No Intervention for Smoking Cessation: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Digital technologies offer the potential for low-cost, scalable delivery of interventions to promote smoking cessation.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the offer of Smoke Free-an evidence-informed, widely used app-for smoking cessation versus no support.

Methods: In this 2-arm randomized controlled trial, 3143 motivated adult smokers were recruited online between August 2020 and April 2021 and randomized to receive an offer of the Smoke Free app plus follow-up (intervention arm) versus follow-up only (comparator arm).

Weight control efforts and practices and health professional advice: a cross-sectional national survey in England.

Objectives: There is evidence that general practitioners (GPs) can increase the uptake of weight management programmes that enhance weight loss compared with self-directed efforts, but the rate at which they do so is unclear. This study examined the prevalence of weight control efforts and practices, the reported frequency and impact of receipt of GP advice on weight loss attempts and perceptions of the appropriateness of health professionals delivering weight loss advice.

Design: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Australian mosquitoes are competent vectors for Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is transmitted by species of mosquitoes. In 2022, JEV belonging to a previously unrecognized lineage of genotype IV (GIV) caused a major outbreak of JE in South-eastern Australia, resulting in human cases and affecting piggeries. has previously been implicated as the major vector of JEV in northern Australia where the virus has circulated since its first detection in 1995.

Estimating Young Adult Uptake of Smoking by Area Across the United Kingdom.

Introduction: There is majority support in parliament and across the United Kingdom to implement a "smoke-free generation" policy which would mean people born on or after January 1, 2009, could never legally be sold tobacco. To explore the potential impact this policy could have, we estimated the number of young adults (18-25 years) currently taking up smoking each year by area across the United Kingdom.

Methods: Using data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS), Annual Population Survey (APS), and Smoking Toolkit Study (STS), we estimated the total number of 18- to 25-year-olds taking up smoking each year, based on national estimates of population size (ONS) and the proportion who reported ever having regularly smoked (STS).

Trends in non-daily cigarette smoking in England, 2006-2024.

Background: Cigarette smoking is incredibly harmful, even for people who do not smoke every day. This study aimed to estimate trends in non-daily smoking in England between 2006 and 2024, how these differed across population subgroups, and to explore changes in the profile of non-daily smokers in terms of their sociodemographic and smoking characteristics and vaping and alcohol consumption.

Methods: Data were collected monthly between November 2006 and April 2024 as part of a nationally representative, repeat cross-sectional survey of adults (≥ 18 years; n = 353,711).

Trends in alcohol expenditure among risky drinkers: A population study in England, 2014-2023.

Background: This study aimed to estimate time trends in alcohol expenditure among risky drinkers in England over the past decade, to understand whether these trends are driven by changes in prices paid or volumes purchased, and to explore differences between population subgroups.

Methods: Nationally-representative monthly cross-sectional survey. Participants were 44,382 adults (≥18y) drinking at risky levels (AUDIT-C ≥ 5; 'risky drinkers').

Vaping among adults in England who have never regularly smoked: a population-based study, 2016-24.

Background: E-cigarettes are increasingly used by smokers and ex-smokers, often to support smoking cessation, but also among those who have never regularly smoked. The aim of our study is to estimate time trends in vaping prevalence among adults who have never regularly smoked and describe the profile of adult never-regular-smokers who vape.

Methods: In this nationally representative, monthly cross-sectional survey in England, 153 073 participants (aged ≥18 years) were recruited from July, 2016, to April, 2024.

Patterns and perceptions of vaping among adults living in social housing: a representative survey in Great Britain, 2023.

Background: Vaping products are effective for helping people to stop smoking and may therefore offer a potential means to reduce high rates of smoking in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. This study aimed to examine current patterns and perceptions of vaping among people living in social housing in Great Britain compared with those living in other housing types.

Methods: Data were from the Smoking Toolkit Study; a nationally-representative survey conducted in 2023 (n = 23,245).

An East Antarctic, sub-annual resolution water isotope record from the Mount Brown South Ice core.

We report high resolution measurements of the stable water isotope ratios (δO, δD) from the Mount Brown South ice core (MBS, 69.11 S 86.31 E).

Roll-your-own tobacco use among people smoking menthol cigarettes in Great Britain, 2020-2023: a population-based survey.

Introduction: The sale of factory-made cigarettes with menthol as characterising flavour has been prohibited in Great Britain since May-2020. However, menthol accessories like flavoured filters for roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco can be sold legally, possibly undermining the policy. This study aimed to explore the association of RYO and menthol cigarette smoking.

Trends in vaping and smoking following the rise of disposable e-cigarettes: a repeat cross-sectional study in England between 2016 and 2023.

Background: There has been a rapid rise in disposable (single-use) e-cigarette vaping among young adults in England since June 2021 (leading to a planned ban on these products). We examined how this has affected population trends in current (i) vaping, (ii) tobacco smoking, and (iii) inhaled nicotine use.

Methods: We used data from a nationally-representative monthly repeat cross-sectional survey of adults (≥18) in England (n = 132,252; July-2016-May-2023).

Examining Differences in Real-World Effectiveness of e-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation by Source of Purchase in England: An Observational Study of Different Contexts Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation may differ by source of purchase. The changing influence of self-selection on purchase location caused by COVID-19 pandemic-related vape shop closures means we can examine the association between smoking abstinence e-cigarette use by purchase source and test for the moderation of this association by the timing of the pandemic.

Aims And Methods: Repeat-cross-sectional nationally representative surveys, conducted between January 2017 and August 2023.

Trends in long term vaping among adults in England, 2013-23: population based study.

Objective: To examine trends in long term (>6 months) vaping among adults in England.

Design: Population based study.

Setting: England.

Secondhand Nicotine Absorption From E-Cigarette Vapor vs Tobacco Smoke in Children.

Importance: With the prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping) increasing worldwide, there are concerns about children's exposure to secondhand vapor.

Objective: To compare nicotine absorption among children who are (1) exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke only or (2) exposed to secondhand vapor only with (3) those exposed to neither.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The US Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a repeat cross-sectional survey.

Rationale and design of the Self-TI Study protocol: a cross-sectional human papillomavirus self-testing pilot study among transgender adults in England.

Introduction: Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causal agent of several cancers including cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancer. Transgender men and transmasculine non-binary (TMNB) people with a cervix are much less likely to undergo cervical cancer screening than cisgender women. Transgender women and transfeminine non-binary (TWNB) people assigned male at birth may be at increased risk of HPV.

Electronic cigarettes and subsequent use of cigarettes in young people: An evidence and gap map.

Background And Aims: The use of e-cigarettes may influence later smoking uptake in young people. Evidence and gap maps (EGMs) are interactive on-line tools that display the evidence and gaps in a specific area of policy or research. The aim of this study was to map clusters and gaps in evidence exploring the relationship between e-cigarette use or availability and subsequent combustible tobacco use in people aged < 30 years.

Nicotine strength of e-liquids used by adult vapers in Great Britain: A population survey 2016 to 2024.

Background And Aims: In March 2024, the UK government announced plans to introduce a Vaping Products Duty that will tax e-liquids based on their nicotine strength. This study examined trends in the nicotine strength of e-liquids used by adult vapers and differences in those currently used across relevant subgroups.

Design: Nationally-representative, cross-sectional household survey, July 2016 to January 2024.

Impact of Standardised Packaging of Tobacco Products Regulations on cigarette consumption and youth smoking in England: interrupted time-series analysis.

Background: In the UK in May 2016, standardised packaging of tobacco products was implemented, including minimum pack sizes of 20 sticks or 30 g loose tobacco. The change was intended to reduce uptake by increasing upfront costs to young people, but there was concern it may unintentionally increase consumption among people smoking. This study aimed to assess whether the introduction of the policy was associated with changes in (1) mean daily factory-made (FM)/roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes consumption among people smoking predominantly (a) FM and (b) RYO cigarettes; and (2) current smoking prevalence among 16-24-year-olds.