The Assessment of Situational Judgement Questionnaire: A Novel Instrument to Detect Susceptibility to Financial Scamming.

Background: Existing measures of scam susceptibility lack ecological validity and situational variability. Evidence suggests that all adults may be susceptible to scams, though a comprehensive fraud victimization theory remains to be explored.

Objective: To identify cognitive and sociodemographic variables that differentiate individuals with high scam susceptibility from those less susceptible.

Is This Phishing? Older Age Is Associated With Greater Difficulty Discriminating Between Safe and Malicious Emails.

Objectives: As our social worlds become increasingly digitally connected, so too has concern about older adults falling victim to "phishing" emails, which attempt to deceive a person into identity theft and fraud. In the present study, we investigated whether older age is associated with differences in perceived suspiciousness of phishing emails.

Methods: Sixty-five cognitively normal middle-aged to older adults rated a series of genuine and phishing emails on a scale from definitely safe to definitely suspicious.

Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of Early Parkinson's Disease.

The clinical definition of Parkinson's disease (PD) is based on cardinal motor features including bradykinesia as well as an additional symptom of tremor, postural instability, or rigidity. Evidence from neuropathological, imaging, and clinical research suggests a premotor, early phase of PD pathology. Further understanding of the earliest biomarkers of PD is crucial for the development of neuroprotective, disease modifying, cognitive, and psychiatric interventions.

Neural representation of reward probability: evidence from the illusion of control.

To support reward-based decision-making, the brain must encode potential outcomes both in terms of their incentive value and their probability of occurrence. Recent research has made it clear that the brain bears multiple representations of reward magnitude, meaning that a single choice option may be represented differently-and even inconsistently-in different brain areas. There are some hints that the same may be true for reward probability.

Cognitive ability: does working memory training enhance intelligence?

Recent experiments in both humans and mice suggest that working memory training improves general cognitive ability. While the prospect of enhancing human and animal intelligence is enticing, several questions remain.