Colibactin Exerts Androgen-dependent and -independent Effects on Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objective: The etiology of prostate cancer (PC) is multifactorial and poorly understood. It has been suggested that colibactin-producing Escherichia coli positive for the pathogenicity island pks (pks) initiate cancers via induction of genomic instability. In PC, androgens promote oncogenic translocations.

oil mitigates xerostomia and preserves salivary function in radiotherapy-treated mice.

Objective: This study aimed to assess if oil (NSO), a health supplement containing thymoquinone as a major component, can act as a protective agent in salivary gland stem cells following radiotherapy (RT) damage.

Methods: Forty, 10-week-old, male C3H/HeJ mice were randomized to four experimental groups: sham RT + HO gavage (control) ( = 4); 15 Gy RT + HO gavage ( = 12); sham RT + NSO gavage ( = 12); and 15 Gy RT + NSO gavage ( = 12). Weight changes, saliva production, and salivary gland histopathologic staining were recorded for each group over the course of the experiment.

Virtual Peer Groups Reduce HbA1c and Increase Continuous Glucose Monitor Use in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Adolescents and young adults (AYA) from diverse and marginalized backgrounds with type 1 diabetes (T1D) generally have higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and less frequent continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use than AYA from more privileged backgrounds. Further, scant data address the impact of virtual peer groups (VPG) on health-related outcomes for ethnically and racially diverse AYA with T1D. CoYoT1 to California was a 15-month randomized controlled trial for AYA aged 16-25 years.

Local delivery of a CXCR3 antagonist decreases the progression of bone resorption induced by LPS injection in a murine model.

Objectives: This experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of locally delivered nanoparticles (AMG-487 NP) containing a CXCR3 antagonist in inhibiting the progression of LPS-induced inflammation, osteoclastic activity, and bone resorption on a murine model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty, 7-week-old C57BL/6 J male mice were used. Inflammatory bone loss was induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (P.

Identification of peripheral neural circuits that regulate heart rate using optogenetic and viral vector strategies.

Heart rate is under the precise control of the autonomic nervous system. However, the wiring of peripheral neural circuits that regulate heart rate is poorly understood. Here, we develop a clearing-imaging-analysis pipeline to visualize innervation of intact hearts in 3D and employed a multi-technique approach to map parasympathetic and sympathetic neural circuits that control heart rate in mice.

Gliclazide reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss in an experimental periodontal disease model.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gliclazide on oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss in an experimental periodontal disease model.

Material And Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were divided into no ligature, ligature, and ligature with 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg gliclazide groups. Maxillae were fixed and scanned using micro-computed tomography to quantify linear and bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and volumetric bone loss.

Genomewide Association Study Identifies Cxcl Family Members as Partial Mediators of LPS-Induced Periodontitis.

Periodontitis (PD) is characterized by bacterial infection and inflammation of tooth-supporting structures and can lead to tooth loss. PD affects ∼47% of the US population over age 30 years and has a heritability of about 50%. Although the host immunoinflammatory response and genetic background play a role, little is known of the underlying genetic factors.

Early intervention of peri-implantitis and periodontitis using a mouse model.

Background: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory response to bacterial biofilm resulting in bone loss and can ultimately lead to implant failure. Because of the lack of predictable treatments available, a thorough understanding of peri-implantitis's pathogenesis is essential. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the response of acute induced peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions after insult removal.

Comparing the Healing Potential of Late-Stage Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis.

Peri-implantitis is defined as an inflammatory disease affecting the tissues around osseointegrated functioning implants. Unfortunately, detailed peri-implantitis pathogenesis is not well understood and current treatments lack predictability. Compare the healing potential of late-stage ligature-induced periodontitis and peri-implantitis after ligature removal.

Ligature-induced peri-implantitis and periodontitis in mice.

Aim: Peri-implantitis (PI), inflammation around dental implants, shares characteristics with periodontitis (PD). However, PI is more difficult to control and treat, and detailed pathophysiology is unclear. We aimed to compare PI and PD progression utilizing a murine model.

Effects of metformin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of periodontitis.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of metformin (Met) on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis.

Materials & Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups of twenty-one rats each, and given the following treatments for 10 days: (1) no ligature + water, (2) ligature + water, (3) ligature + 50 mg/kg Met, (4) ligature + 100 mg/kg Met, and (5) ligature + 200 mg/kg Met. Water or Met was administered orally.

A Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Peri-Implant Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis.

Dental implants are a widely used treatment option for tooth replacement. However, they are susceptible to inflammatory diseases such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are highly prevalent and may lead to implant loss. Unfortunately, the understanding of the pathogenesis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis is fragmented and incomplete.

Dental diagnostics: molecular analysis of oral biofilms.

Dental biofilms are complex, multi-species bacterial communities that colonize the mouth in the form of plaque and are known to cause dental caries and periodontal disease. Biofilms are unique from planktonic bacteria in that they are mutualistic communities with a 3-dimensional structure and complex nutritional and communication pathways. The homeostasis within the biofilm colony can be disrupted, causing a shift in the bacterial composition of the colony and resulting in proliferation of pathogenic species.