Cardiovascular and renal profiles in rat offspring that do not undergo catch-up growth after exposure to maternal protein restriction.

Maternal protein restriction is often associated with structural and functional sequelae in offspring, particularly affecting growth and renal-cardiovascular function. However, there is little understanding as to whether hypertension and kidney disease occur because of a primary nephron deficit or whether controlling postnatal growth can result in normal renal-cardiovascular phenotypes. To investigate this, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a low-protein (LP, 8.

Hemodynamic profiles by non-invasive monitoring of cardiac index and vascular tone in acute heart failure patients in the emergency department: External validation and clinical outcomes.

Background: Non-invasive finger-cuff monitors measuring cardiac index and vascular tone (SVRI) classify emergency department (ED) patients with acute heart failure (AHF) into three otherwise-indistinguishable subgroups. Our goals were to validate these "hemodynamic profiles" in an external cohort and assess their association with clinical outcomes.

Methods: AHF patients (n = 257) from five EDs were prospectively enrolled in the validation cohort (VC).

Right ventricular dysfunction in acute heart failure from emergency department to discharge: Predictors and clinical implications.

Background: Among acute heart failure (AHF) inpatients, right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) predicts clinical outcomes independent of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Prior studies have not accounted for congestion severity, show conflicting findings on echocardiography (echo) timing, and excluded emergency department (ED) patients. We describe for the first time the epidemiology, predictors, and outcomes of RVD in AHF starting with earliest ED treatment.

Unconventionally Acquired Brain Injury: Guidance and Instruction About an Emerging Challenge to Warfighter Brain Health.

Special Operations Forces have made brain health a medical priority in recent years, and new guidance identified a new challenge-unconventionally acquired brain injury (UBI). Although this emerging condition is described as a cluster of neurosensory and cognitive symptoms with unknown etiology/ origin, there remain critical questions about how this diagnosis differs from other brain injuries. More importantly, there are limited recommendations about how medical personnel should approach the problem.

Stillbirth in Australia 1: The road to now: Two decades of stillbirth research and advocacy in Australia.

Stillbirth is a major public health problem with an enormous mortality burden and psychosocial impact on parents, families and the wider community both globally and in Australia. In 2015, Australia's late gestation stillbirth rate was over 30% higher than that of the best-performing countries globally, highlighting the urgent need for action. We present an overview of the foundations which led to the establishment of Australia's NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth (Stillbirth CRE) in 2017 and highlight key activities in the following areas: Opportunities to expand and improve collaborations between research teams; Supporting the conduct and development of innovative, high quality, collaborative research that incorporates a strong parent voice; Promoting effective translation of research into health policy and/or practice; and the Regional and global work of the Stillbirth CRE.

High Speed AFM and NanoInfrared Spectroscopy Investigation of Aβ Peptide Variants and Their Interaction With POPC/SM/Chol/GM1 Model Membranes.

Due to an aging population, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) have become a major health issue. In the case of AD, Aβ peptides have been identified as one of the markers of the disease with the formation of senile plaques via their aggregation, and could play a role in memory impairment and other tragic syndromes associated with the disease. Many studies have shown that not only the morphology and structure of Aβ peptide assembly are playing an important role in the formation of amyloid plaques, but also the interactions between Aβ and the cellular membrane are crucial regarding the aggregation processes and toxicity of the amyloid peptides.

Analysis of structure and gene expression in developing kidneys of male and female rats exposed to low protein diets in utero.

A maternal low protein (LP) diet in rodents often results in low nephron endowment and renal pathophysiology in adult life, with outcomes often differing between male and female offspring. Precisely how a maternal LP diet results in low nephron endowment is unknown. We conducted morphological and molecular studies of branching morphogenesis and nephrogenesis to identify mechanisms and timepoints that might give rise to low nephron endowment.

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Geriatric Proximal Humerus Fracture Dislocation With Concomitant Nerve Injury.

Introduction: Preoperative axillary nerve palsy is a contraindication to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) due to the theoretical risk of higher dislocation rates and poor functional outcomes. Treatment of fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus with rTSA is particularly challenging, as these injuries commonly present with concomitant neurologic and soft tissue injury. The aim of the current study was to determine the efficacy of rTSA for this fracture pattern in geriatric patients presenting with occult or profound neurologic injury.

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health.

The Sustainable Development Goals offer the global health community a strategic opportunity to promote human rights, advance gender equality, and achieve health for all. The inability of the health sector to accelerate progress on a range of health outcomes brings into sharp focus the substantial impact of gender inequalities and restrictive gender norms on health risks and behaviours. In this paper, the fifth in a Series on gender equality, norms, and health, we draw on evidence to dispel three myths on gender and health and describe persistent barriers to progress.

Disrupting gender norms in health systems: making the case for change.

Restrictive gender norms and gender inequalities are replicated and reinforced in health systems, contributing to gender inequalities in health. In this Series paper, we explore how to address all three through recognition and then with disruptive solutions. We used intersectional feminist theory to guide our systematic reviews, qualitative case studies based on lived experiences, and quantitative analyses based on cross-sectional and evaluation research.

Impact of stressful death or divorce in people with HIV: A prospective examination and the buffering effects of religious coping and social support.

This study examined the impact of a stressful death/divorce on psychological and immune outcomes in people with HIV. People with HIV with stressful death/divorce were examined from before the event to up to 12 months later ( = 45); controls were assessed at similar intervals ( = 112). Stressful deaths/divorces were associated with increased viral load and anxiety over time (s ≤ .

Characterisation of a pucBA deletion mutant from Rhodopseudomonas palustris lacking all but the pucBA genes.

Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a species of purple photosynthetic bacteria that has a multigene family of puc genes that encode the alpha and beta apoproteins, which form the LH2 complexes. A genetic dissection strategy has been adopted in order to try and understand which spectroscopic form of LH2 these different genes produce. This paper presents a characterisation of one of the deletion mutants generated in this program, the pucBA only mutant.

Synthetic toxic Aβ oligomers can assemble in different morphologies.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease associated with aggregation of Aβ peptides. Aβ toxicity is mostly related to the capacity of intermediate oligomers to disrupt membrane integrity. We previously expressed Aβ in a eukaryotic cellular system and selected synthetic variants on their sole toxicity.

Reversible DNA micro-patterning using the fluorous effect.

We describe a new method for the immobilisation of DNA into defined patterns with sub-micron resolution, using the fluorous effect. The method is fully reversible via a simple solvent wash, allowing the patterning, regeneration and re-patterning of surfaces with no degradation in binding efficiency following multiple removal/attachment cycles of different DNA sequences.

Does addressing gender inequalities and empowering women and girls improve health and development programme outcomes?

This article presents evidence supporting the hypothesis that promoting gender equality and women's and girls' empowerment (GEWE) leads to better health and development outcomes. We reviewed the literature across six sectors-family planning (FP); maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH); nutrition; agriculture; water, sanitation and hygiene; and financial services for the poor-and found 76 studies from low and middle-income countries that met our inclusion criteria. Across these studies, we identified common GEWE variables that emerged repeatedly as significant predictors of sector outcomes.

An Examination of Juveniles' Miranda Abilities: Investigating Differences in Miranda Recall and Reasoning.

Juvenile suspects are routinely expected to possess an accurate recall of written or oral Miranda warnings. This study addresses the Miranda-related comprehension recall and reasoning of legally involved juveniles. It is the first juvenile research to compare systematically two levels of complexity for Miranda warnings with the three modalities (oral, written, or combined) of administration.

Outcomes Following Radial Head Arthroplasty.

Most current series of radial head arthroplasty include small numbers of patients with short- to medium-term follow-up and significant heterogeneity in patients, treatments, and outcome measures. The purpose of this systematic review was to review outcomes for radial head arthroplasty based on injury chronicity, injury pattern, and type of implant used. The authors systematically searched electronic databases for studies containing radial head arthroplasty or radial head replacement and identified 19 studies for inclusion in the analysis.

Dodging Self-Incriminations: An Examination of Feigned Miranda Abilities on the SAMA.

Forensic assessments must always consider whether examinees are putting forth genuine effort or seeking to feign legally relevant incapacities. Miranda abilities are no exception when a putatively invalid Miranda waiver might result in the full suppression of an outright confession. Using a within-subjects simulation design, jail detainees were administered a representative Miranda warning and two Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities (SAMA) measures: Miranda Vocabulary Scale and Miranda Quiz.

Taking on the gender challenge in organisations: what does it take?

Clear patterns emerged and are summarised on conditions for success in integrating a gender equality perspective across organisational programmes and culture. In short, organisations should consider five key 'ingredients' when designing their approach to integrating a gender equality perspective: (1) have a clear vision of success with measurable indicators; (2) have high-level, consistent, visible support; (3) take an intentional approach deeply rooted in the organisational culture and competencies; (4) ensure accountability at all levels and (5) invest both financial and technical resources. A vibrant community exists in virtually every region of the world of highly experienced gender equality experts that can support organisations on this path.

Validity and Representative Data of the MRCI With Legally Involved Juveniles.

Recognized for nearly four decades, most juvenile suspects waive their Miranda rights and almost immediately provide self-incriminating evidence. Miranda-specific measures were eventually developed to understand their capacities and limitations. With extensive revisions, the Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments (MRCI) were normed and validated.

DNA-directed spatial assembly of photosynthetic light-harvesting proteins.

This manuscript describes the surface immobilization of a light-harvesting complex to prescribed locations directed by the sequence-selective recognition of duplex DNA. An engineered light-harvesting complex (RC-LH1) derived from Rhodopseudomonas (Rps.) palustris containing the zinc finger (ZF) domain zif268 was prepared.

Elementary Energy Transfer Pathways in Allochromatium vinosum Photosynthetic Membranes.

Allochromatium vinosum (formerly Chromatium vinosum) purple bacteria are known to adapt their light-harvesting strategy during growth according to environmental factors such as temperature and average light intensity. Under low light illumination or low ambient temperature conditions, most of the LH2 complexes in the photosynthetic membranes form a B820 exciton with reduced spectral overlap with LH1. To elucidate the reason for this light and temperature adaptation of the LH2 electronic structure, we performed broadband femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy as a function of excitation wavelength in A.