Publications by authors named "Sarah Hatcher"

Background: Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy improves human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outcomes. However, achieving earlier treatment initiation is challenging for many reasons including provider awareness and clinic barriers; this study sought to understand perceptions of an early initiation program.

Methods: We interviewed 10 providers from 3 HIV clinics in North Carolina (October-November 2020).

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Introduction: Premenopausal women with high-risk hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer often receive ovarian function suppression (OFS) and anti-estrogen therapy which induces near complete estrogen deprivation (NCED). This treatment improves recurrence-free survival but may increase cardiovascular risk. We sought to identify patterns of cardiovascular care and outcomes in premenopausal women with operable breast cancer.

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Survival with operable breast cancer has improved markedly in recent decades, however, treatment-related cardiovascular toxicities threaten to offset these gains. Ovarian function suppression paired with aromatase inhibition, for premenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer, is a newer widely adopted therapy with the potential for significant long-term cardiovascular toxicity. Abrupt estrogen deprivation for non-cancer reasons is associated with accelerated coronary artery disease.

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Background: In 2021, the Department of Health and Human Services released guidelines allowing waiver-eligible providers seeking to treat up to 30 patients to be exempt from waiver training (WT) and the counseling and other ancillary services (CAS) attestation. This study evaluates if states and the District of Columbia had more restrictive policies preventing adoption of the 2021 federal guidelines.

Methods: First, the Westlaw database was searched for buprenorphine regulations.

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To evaluate COVID-19 disparities among non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and non-Hispanic White persons in urban areas. Using COVID-19 case surveillance data, we calculated cumulative incidence rates and risk ratios (RRs) among non-Hispanic AI/AN and non-Hispanic White persons living in select urban counties in the United States by age and sex during January 22, 2020, to October 19, 2021. We separated cases into prevaccine (January 22, 2020-April 4, 2021) and postvaccine (April 5, 2021-October 19, 2021) periods.

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Eusocial corbiculate bees, including bumble bees and honey bees, maintain a socially transmitted core gut microbiome that contributes to digestion and pathogen defense. In contrast, solitary bees, which have fewer opportunities for direct interhost transmission, typically have less consistent microbiomes dominated by bacteria associated with pollen and food reserves. Carpenter bees (genus ) are long-lived bees that are not eusocial but that often live in shared nesting sites.

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Observational studies are needed to demonstrate real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcomes. Our objective was to conduct a review of published SARS-CoV-2 VE articles, supplemented by preprints, during the first 6 months of COVID-19 vaccine availability. This review compares the effectiveness of completing the primary COVID-19 vaccination series against multiple SARS-CoV-2 disease presentations and disease severity outcomes in three population groups (general population, frontline workers, and older adults).

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Although non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons account for 0.7% of the U.S.

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Objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV transmission in the United States may increase as a result of increasing rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) and associated injection drug use (IDU). Epidemiologic trends among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are not well known.

Methods: We analyzed 2010-2014 Indian Health Service data on health care encounters to assess regional and temporal trends in IDU indicators among adults aged ≥18 years.

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Objective: American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are commonly misclassified in epidemiologic and administrative data sets. The race-corrected hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related mortality rate among AI/AN persons in the Northwest United States (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington State) is unknown. We quantified the disparity in HCV-related mortality between AI/AN persons and non-Hispanic white (NHW) persons in the Northwest during 2006-2012 after correcting misclassified AI/AN race.

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Background: Antibiotic use in industrial hog operations (IHOs) can support the emergence of antibiotic-resistant (ABR) . The extent of ABR exposure in IHO workers and children living in their households remains unclear.

Objective: We investigated ABR nasal carriage prevalence among adults with versus without occupational exposure to IHOs and among children living in their households.

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