Implementing palliative care in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and mapping of knowledge to the implementation research logic model.

Purpose: The importance and effectiveness of palliative care (PC) in intensive care units (ICU) are known. Less is known about the implementation and integration of ICU-based PC interventions. This systematic review aims to use a modified implementation research logic model (IRLM) to identify, map, and synthesise evidence on implementation of ICU-PC (primary and/or specialist) interventions.

The effectiveness of out-of-hours palliative care telephone advice lines: A rapid systematic review.

Background: People with palliative care needs and their carers often rely on out-of-hours services to remain at home. Policymakers have recommended implementing telephone advice lines to ensure 24/7 access to support. However, the impact of these services on patient and carer outcomes, as well as the health care system, remains poorly understood.

Inoperable malignant bowel obstruction: palliative interventions outcomes - mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) and palliative venting gastrostomies (PVG) are two interventions used clinically to manage inoperable malignant bowel obstruction (MBO); however, little is known about their role in clinical and quality-of-life outcomes to inform clinical decision making.

Aim: To examine the impact of PN and PVG on clinical and quality-of-life outcomes in inoperable MBO.

Design: A mixed-methods systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Exploring pathways to optimise care in malignant bowel obstruction (EPOC): Protocol for a three-phase critical realist approach to theory-led intervention development for shared decision-making.

Introduction: Malignant bowel obstruction is a distressing complication of cancer, causing pain, nausea and vomiting, and often has a poor prognosis. Severe and rapidly developing symptoms, a lack of robust clinical guidelines and the need for multidisciplinary input make treatment decision-making challenging. Sharing decision-making with people with malignant bowel obstruction and their caregivers can be difficult, and inconsistent communication creates serious deficiencies in care by amplifying patients' distress and uncertainty.

Where are the inequalities in colorectal cancer care in a country with universal healthcare? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Objective: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer living in more deprived areas experience worse survival than those in more affluent areas. Those living in more deprived areas face barriers to accessing timely, quality healthcare. These barriers may contribute to socioeconomic inequalities in survival.

Where are the inequalities in ovarian cancer care in a country with universal healthcare? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Introduction: Patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer from more deprived areas may face barriers to accessing timely, quality healthcare. We evaluated the literature for any association between socioeconomic group, treatments received and hospital delay among patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer in the United Kingdom, a country with universal healthcare.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, SCIE, AMED, PsycINFO and HMIC from inception to January 2023.

European Respiratory Society clinical practice guideline: palliative care for people with COPD or interstitial lung disease.

There is increased awareness of palliative care needs in people with COPD or interstitial lung disease (ILD). This European Respiratory Society (ERS) task force aimed to provide recommendations for initiation and integration of palliative care into the respiratory care of adult people with COPD or ILD. The ERS task force consisted of 20 members, including representatives of people with COPD or ILD and informal caregivers.

Parental death: a systematic review of support experiences and needs of children and parent survivors.

Background: Bereaved people need a supportive response from those around them. Knowing children's and surviving parents' needs following parental death is the first step to ensuring a supportive response. However, no systematic review has reported on this phenomenon.

Geographical distance and reduced access to palliative radiotherapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Palliative radiotherapy (PRT) is an effective way of reducing symptoms caused by advanced incurable cancer. Several studies have investigated factors that contribute to inequalities in access to PRT; distance to a radiotherapy centre has been identified as one potential barrier.

Aim: To assess whether there is an association between distance to a radiotherapy centre and utilisation rates of PRT in adults with cancer.

Parental terminal cancer and dependent children: a systematic review.

Background: When a parent has terminal cancer, their children are part of that experience. Parents often want to protect their children from their disease and prognosis. Knowledge of dependent children's experience will help ensure they receive appropriate support.

Barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilising post-treatment psychosocial support by Black men treated for prostate cancer-a systematic review and qualitative synthesis.

Purpose: To synthesise findings from published studies on barriers and facilitators to Black men accessing and utilising post-treatment psychosocial support after prostate cancer (CaP) treatment.

Methods: Searches of Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Central, CINAHL plus and Scopus were undertaken from inception to May 2021. English language studies involving Black men aged ≥18 and reporting experiences of, or suggestions for, psychosocial support after CaP treatment were included.

Optimising planned medical education strategies to develop learners' person-centredness: A realist review.

Context: Person-centeredness is a stated aim for medical education; however, studies suggest this is not being achieved. There is a gap in our understanding of how, why and in what circumstances medical education interventions that aim to develop person-centredness are successful.

Methods: A realist review was conducted with a search of Medline, Embase, HMIC and ERIC databases and the grey literature using the terms 'medical education' and 'person-centred' and related synonyms.

Professionals', patients' and families' views on the use of opioids for chronic breathlessness: A systematic review using the framework method and pillar process.

Background: In combination with non-pharmacological interventions, opioids may safely reduce chronic breathlessness in patients with severe illness. However, implementation in clinical practice varies.

Aim: To synthesise the published literature regarding health professionals', patients' and families' views on the use of opioids for chronic breathlessness, identifying issues which influence implementation in clinical practice.

Feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of online supportive care for individuals living with and beyond lung cancer: a systematic review.

Purpose: To examine the evidence of the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of online supportive care interventions for people living with and beyond lung cancer (LWBLC).

Methods: Studies were identified through searches of Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL databases using a structured search strategy. The inclusion criteria (1) examined the feasibility, acceptability, and/or efficacy of an online intervention aiming to provide supportive care for people living with and beyond lung cancer; (2) delivered an intervention in a single arm or RCT study pre/post design; (3) if a mixed sample, presented independent lung cancer data.

Understanding the impact of professional motivation on the workforce crisis in medicine: a rapid review.

Background: The NHS is facing a workforce crisis. Responses to date have focused on improving recruitment of staff, but less attention has been paid to retention.

Aim: To conduct a rapid review using Rosabeth Moss Kanter's three Ms model of workforce motivation as a sensitising framework to examine the current medical workforce crisis.

Perceptions and experiences of laws and regulations governing access to opioids in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia: A systematic review, critical interpretative synthesis and development of a conceptual framework.

Background: Opioids are essential medicines. Despite international and national laws permitting availability, opioid access remains inadequate, particularly in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia.

Aim: To review evidence of perceptions and experiences of regulatory enablers and barriers to opioid access in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia.

Getting the basics right: the monitoring of arteriovenous fistulae, a review of the evidence.

Purpose Of Review: Despite being the preferred vascular access for haemodialysis, the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) remains prone to a number of complications, the most common of these being thrombosis secondary to stenosis. This has resulted in the widespread use of monitoring and surveillance programmes. Surveillance uses more resources than monitoring and has not been convincingly shown to improve outcomes.

Implementation of geriatric assessment in oncology settings: A systematic realist review.

Older adults with cancer are more likely to have worse clinical outcomes than their younger counterparts, and shared decision-making can be difficult, due to both complexity from adverse ageing and under-representation in clinical trials. Geriatric assessment (GA) has been increasingly recognised as a predictive and prehabilitative tool for older adults with cancer. However, GA has been notoriously difficult to implement in oncological settings due to workforce, economic, logistical, and practical barriers.

Relationship between markers of malnutrition and clinical outcomes in older adults with cancer: systematic review, narrative synthesis and meta-analysis.

Malnutrition predicts poorer clinical outcomes for people with cancer. Older adults with cancer are a complex, growing population at high risk of weight-losing conditions. A number of malnutrition screening tools exist, however the best screening tool for this group is unknown.

Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature for the effectiveness of activity and nutritional based interventions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults living with and beyond cancer (LWBC).

Methods: We conducted systematic structured searches of CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL databases, and bibliographic review. Two independent researchers selected against inclusion criteria: (1) lifestyle nutrition and/or activity intervention for people with any cancer diagnosis, (2) measured HRQoL, (3) all participants over 60 years of age and (4) randomized controlled trials.

Clinical Evidence diagnosis: Developing a sensitive search strategy to retrieve diagnostic studies on deep vein thrombosis: a pragmatic approach.

Objectives: To devise and evaluate a sensitive search strategy to retrieve diagnostic studies on specific diagnostic tests for deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Methods: Systematic reviews on diagnostic tests for DVT were identified and the studies cited by them used to produce a reference set of search results (to be used to evaluate different search strategies). Five existing diagnosis search filters were combined to produce a sensitive search.