Benefitting productivity and the environment: Current and future maize cropping systems improve yield while reducing nitrate load.

Increases in cereal crop yield per area have increased global food security. "Era" studies compare historical and modern crop varieties in controlled experimental settings and are routinely used to understand how advances in crop genetics and management affect crop yield. However, to date, no era study has explored how advances in maize (Zea mays L.

Detailed mapping of the species cytoplasm-specific (scs) gene in durum wheat.

The compatibility-inducing action of the scs(ti) (species cytoplasm-specific gene derived from Triticum timopheevii) and Vi (vitality) genes can be observed when a durum (T. turgidum) nucleus is placed in T. longissimum cytoplasm.