Background: Patients presenting to Emergency Departments (ED) with opioid use disorder may be candidates for buprenorphine treatment, making EDs an appropriate setting to initiate this underused, but clinically proven therapy. Hospitals are devoting increased efforts to routinizing buprenorphine initiation in the ED where clinically appropriate, with the greatest successes occurring in academic medical centers. Overall, however, clinician participation in these efforts is suboptimal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA decline in diversity from the equator to the poles is a common feature of Earth's biodiversity. Here, we examine body shape diversity in marine fishes across latitudes and explore the role of time and evolutionary rate in explaining the diversity gradient. Marine fishes' occupation of upper latitude environments has increased substantially over the last 80 million years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open
October 2024
Objectives: We described age, gender, race, and ethnicity associations with filling buprenorphine prescriptions post-emergency department (post-ED) visits.
Methods: We analyzed 1.5 years (July 1, 2020-December 31, 2021) of encounter-level Medicaid ED and retail pharmacy claims data obtained from the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services.
An increasing number of treatment failures with current pharmaceutics, as well as a lack of a vaccine, demonstrates the need to develop new treatment options for leishmaniasis. Herein, we describe the synthesis and in vitro analysis of 24 disquaramide compounds targeting the parasite. Of the compounds that were evaluated, six of them ( , , , , , and ) were capable of significantly decreasing the number of parasites by up to 42% compared to the control by day four.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurface modification grafting of organic moieties on a Lewis acid catalyst (silica supported Ti catalyst, Ti-SiO) alters the activation of HO in vapor-phase cyclohexene epoxidation. Grafting a fluorous group (1,1-perfluoro-octyl) suppresses activity of Ti-SiO. Conversely, grafting either a nonpolar group (octyl) or a polar aprotic group (triethylene glycol monomethyl ether) enhances rates and shifts selectivity toward -1,2-cyclohexanediol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported online in on Jul 15 2024 (see record 2025-04658-001). In the article, three sentences and a reference were redacted related to proceedings against a university concerning its psychology program because appropriate context was not provided in the article. All versions of this article have been corrected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the landscape of migraine treatment, many unanswered questions remain-particularly, which medications are most effective as acute agents and for which patients? Given the heterogeneity of patients, clinicians' practice, and the integration of new agents into migraine care, this is an ambitious question to address. At the same time, this question is crucial both because proper acute treatment is an important metric of quality of care and such treatments are woefully underused in the general population..
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In 2018, Nevada implemented opioid prescribing legislation (AB474) to support the uptake of CDC pain care guidelines. We studied the law's association with doses over threshold levels of morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) and with time to dose increases and decreases, among long-term opioid patients.
Methods: A difference-in-difference study examined dosing changes across opioid prescription episodes (ie, prescriptions within 30 day and within the same dosing threshold).
Introduction: The prescription opioid epidemic led to federal, state, and health system guidelines and policies aimed at mitigating opioid misuse, including presumptive urine drug testing (UDT). This study identifies whether a difference exists in UDT use among different primary care medical license types.
Methods: The study used January 2017-April 2018 Nevada Medicaid pharmacy and professional claims data to examine presumptive UDTs.
Influenza vaccination rates are low. Working with a large US health system, we evaluated three health system-wide interventions using the electronic health record's patient portal to improve influenza vaccination rates. We performed a two-arm RCT with a nested factorial design within the treatment arm, randomizing patients to usual-care control (no portal interventions) or to one or more portal interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dignity is a complex concept necessary for the adequate treatment of patients in the healthcare setting. Autonomy, self-sufficiency, respect, and equality are concepts used to define dignity. Dignity has not been studied in people who inject drugs (PWID).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article uses longitudinal data from the Gulf Coast Child and Family Health Study to examine the impact of residential mobility on the long-term mental health trajectories of individuals displaced or severely impacted by Hurricane Katrina. Analyses begin with a descriptive understanding of residential mobility post-Katrina, including an explanation of who moved and how often in the 13 years after the storm, and determine which social groups were more likely to experience residential mobility than others. Secondly, it builds on these descriptive results by examining how residential mobility can influence the mental health of disaster survivors over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough the tropics harbor the greatest species richness globally, recent work has demonstrated that, for many taxa, speciation rates are faster at higher latitudes. Here, we explore lability in oceanic depth as a potential mechanism for this pattern in the most biodiverse vertebrates - fishes. We demonstrate that clades with the highest speciation rates also diversify more rapidly along the depth gradient, drawing a fundamental link between evolutionary and ecological processes on a global scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient-centered care and healthcare consumerism are the two most dominant ideas about the relationship between patients and providers in the United States. To identify providers' positions between the two perspectives, we analyzed the content of direct-to-consumer healthcare service advertisements. The advertisements were collected in the state of Nevada ( = 323) and their landing pages were analyzed for provider attributes, patient experience features, and terms referring to patients and providers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe deep sea contains a surprising diversity of life, including iconic fish groups such as anglerfishes and lanternfishes. Still, >65% of marine teleost fish species are restricted to the photic zone <200 m, which comprises less than 10% of the ocean's total volume. From a macroevolutionary perspective, this paradox may be explained by three hypotheses: 1) shallow water lineages have had more time to diversify than deep-sea lineages, 2) shallow water lineages have faster rates of speciation than deep-sea lineages, or 3) shallow-to-deep sea transition rates limit deep-sea richness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeadache is one of the most common diagnoses in neurology. A thorough understanding of the clinical presentation of secondary headache, which can be life-threatening, is critical. This review provides an overview of the diagnostic approach to a patient with headache, including discussion of "red," "orange," and "green" flags.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly evidence of remote, volunteer-led social support interventions to reduce social isolation in older adults has been encouraging; however, evaluation data on outcomes related to social isolation associated from these interventions is scarce. Here, we share programmatic details of a novel, statewide initiative, called the NEST Collaborative, rolled out to meet immediate emotional, informational, and instrumental needs of older adults in Nevada during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation included 31 older adults participating in weekly one-to-one empathy-based phone calls with multi-generational volunteers seeking to enhance participants' social networks through meaningful friendships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Skeletal muscle symptoms and elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels have been consistently reported as part of the COVID-19 disease process. Previous studies have yet to show a consistent relationship between CK levels and skeletal muscle symptoms, disease severity, and death from COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to determine whether elevated CK is associated with a COVID-19 course requiring intubation, intensive care, and/or causing death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The Veterans Health Administration (VA) refers patients to community providers for specialty services not available on-site. However, community-level specialist shortages may impede access to care.
Objective: Compare gynecologist supply in veterans' county of residence versus at their VA site.
Integr Org Biol
August 2022
Many organismal functions are temperature-dependent due to the contractile properties of muscle. Spring-based mechanisms offer a thermally robust alternative to temperature-sensitive muscular movements and may correspondingly expand a species' climatic niche by partially decoupling the relationship between temperature and performance. Using the ballistic tongues of salamanders as a case study, we explore whether the thermal robustness of elastic feeding mechanisms increases climatic niche breadth, expands geographic range size, and alters the dynamics of niche evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiversity of feeding mechanisms is a hallmark of reef fishes, but the history of this variation is not fully understood. Here, we explore the emergence and proliferation of a biting mode of feeding, which enables fishes to feed on attached benthic prey. We find that feeding modes other than suction, including biting, ram biting, and an intermediate group that uses both biting and suction, were nearly absent among the lineages of teleost fishes inhabiting reefs prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, but benthic biting has rapidly increased in frequency since then, accounting for about 40% of reef species today.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTeleost fishes account for 96% of all fish species and exhibit a spectacular variety of body forms. Teleost lineages range from deep bodied to elongate (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpiny-rayed fishes (Acanthomorpha) dominate modern marine habitats and account for more than a quarter of all living vertebrate species. Previous time-calibrated phylogenies and patterns from the fossil record explain this dominance by correlating the origin of major acanthomorph lineages with the Cretaceous-Palaeogene mass extinction. Here we infer a time-calibrated phylogeny using ultraconserved elements that samples 91.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article is in memory of Duane F. Alexander, who directed the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) from 1986 to 2009. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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