Chiropractic management of a U.S. Veteran with myofascial pain and concurrent distal bimelic amyotrophy (Hirayama disease): a case report.

Background: Distal bimelic amyotrophy (DBMA) also known as Hirayama disease, is a rare, self-limiting motor neuron disease manifesting as atrophy of C7-T1 innervated muscles. We present a case report describing the chiropractic management of neck and thoracic pain in a patient with known DBMA.

Case Presentation: A 30 year-old black male U.

Psychological distress and positive gain in mothers of children with autism, with or without other children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Although a wealth of literature has focused on the parenting experiences of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is a lack of research about mothers who are parenting a child with ASD, and who have other children with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this matched-comparison study, 10 mothers of a child with ASD and other typically developing children (ASD-TD) were compared to 10 mothers of a child with ASD who also had other children with neurodevelopmental disorders (ASD-NDD). Mothers completed self-report measures of mental health and positive gain.

On the use of hydroxyl radical kinetics to assess the number-average molecular weight of dissolved organic matter.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is involved in numerous environmental processes, and its molecular size is important in many of these processes, such as DOM bioavailability, DOM sorptive capacity, and the formation of disinfection byproducts during water treatment. The size and size distribution of the molecules composing DOM remains an open question. In this contribution, an indirect method to assess the average size of DOM is described, which is based on the reaction of hydroxyl radical (HO(•)) quenching by DOM.

Evidence for dissolved organic matter as the primary source and sink of photochemically produced hydroxyl radical in arctic surface waters.

Hydroxyl radical (˙OH) is an indiscriminate oxidant that reacts at near-diffusion-controlled rates with organic carbon. Thus, while ˙OH is expected to be an important oxidant of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and other recalcitrant compounds, the role of ˙OH in the oxidation of these compounds in aquatic ecosystems is not well known due to the poorly constrained sources and sinks of ˙OH, especially in pristine (unpolluted) natural waters. We measured the rates of ˙OH formation and quenching across a range of surface waters in the Arctic varying in concentrations of expected sources and sinks of ˙OH.

Photooxidation-induced changes in optical, electrochemical, and photochemical properties of humic substances.

Two aquatic fulvic acids and one soil humic acid were irradiated to examine the resulting changes in the redox and photochemical properties of the humic substances (HS), the relationship between these changes, and their relationship to changes in the optical properties. For all HS, irradiation caused photooxidation, as shown by decreasing electron donating capacities. Photooxidation was accompanied by decreases in specific UV absorbance and increases in the E2/E3 ratio (254 nm absorbance divided by that at 365 nm).

Dark formation of hydroxyl radical in Arctic soil and surface waters.

Hydroxyl radical (•OH) is a highly reactive and unselective oxidant in atmospheric and aquatic systems. Current understanding limits the role of DOM-produced •OH as an oxidant in carbon cycling mainly to sunlit environments where •OH is produced photochemically, but a recent laboratory study proposed a sunlight-independent pathway in which •OH forms during oxidation of reduced aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron. Here we demonstrate this non-photochemical pathway for •OH formation in natural aquatic environments.

Hydroxyl radical formation upon oxidation of reduced humic acids by oxygen in the dark.

Humic acids (HAs) accept and donate electrons in many biogeochemical redox reactions at oxic/anoxic interfaces. The products of oxidation of reduced HAs by O(2) are unknown but are expected to yield reactive oxygen species, potentially including hydroxyl radical (·OH). To quantify the formation of ·OH upon oxidation of reduced HAs by O(2), three HAs were reduced electrochemically to well-defined redox states and were subsequently oxidized by O(2) in the presence of the ·OH probe terephthalate.

Assessing the contribution of free hydroxyl radical in organic matter-sensitized photohydroxylation reactions.

Photochemical formation of reactive oxygen species from dissolved organic matter (DOM) is incompletely understood, especially in the case of hydroxyl radical (•OH) production. Many studies have used various probes to detect photochemically produced •OH from DOM, but the fundamental reactions of these probes are not necessarily specific for free •OH and may also detect lower-energy hydroxylation agents. In this study, two tests were applied that have previously been used as a diagnostic for the presence of free •OH: methane quenching of •OH and hydroxybenzoic acid (hBZA) product yields.

Terephthalate as a probe for photochemically generated hydroxyl radical.

Hydroxyl radical ( OH) production in sunlit natural waters is known to be an important factor in pollutant degradation and nutrient cycling, and various probes have been developed to study this species in aquatic systems. Many of these probes have limitations in sensitivity and/or selectivity for OH, leaving room for improvement. Terephthalate (TPA) is a known probe for OH that produces a fluorescent product, hydroxyterephthalate (hTPA), upon hydroxylation, but its suitability for studying photochemical OH production has not been fully tested.

Sensitive and selective time-gated luminescence detection of hydroxyl radical in water.

A terbium probe for the selective time-gated detection of hydroxyl radical is presented. This probe demonstrates high sensitivity with an 11.0-fold increase in time-gated luminescence intensity for an hour-long exposure to hydroxyl radical concentration in the femtomolar range, and high selectivity for HO* over other reactive oxygen species.