Structure of Restricted Repetitive Behaviors of Individuals Referred for Autism Spectrum Disorder Assessment.

Purpose: Restricted and/or repetitive displays of behavior, interests, or activities (RRBs) are one of the core symptom domains of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Current and past research indicates two 'clusters' of RRBs in children with ASD: repetitive sensorimotor (e.g.

Classifying children with ASD by service utilization and treatment type: A cluster analysis of a nationally representative United States survey.

Background: If there are patterns of the distribution of services and treatments across the population of people with ASD, these patterns should be based along clinical characteristics or other service needs and not sociodemographic characteristics unrelated to evidence-based care. We examined how individuals in a broad, nationally representative sample "grouped together" based on service utilization and services needed but not covered by insurance. By understanding various treatment patterns, clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and self-advocates and their families can better advocate for high-quality, evidence-based services to be provided equitably.

Pathways from child maltreatment to proactive and reactive aggression: The role of posttraumatic stress symptom clusters.

Objective: Childhood aggression is related to a myriad of negative concurrent and long-term outcomes. To mitigate the risks associated with childhood aggression, it is important to understand risk factors that might predispose 1 to aggressive behaviors. One risk factor commonly associated with aggression is the experience of child maltreatment.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Utility of the ADOS-2 and the ADI-R in Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children.

The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview, Revised (ADI-R) have high accuracy as diagnostic instruments in research settings, while evidence of accuracy in clinical settings is less robust. This meta-analysis focused on efficacy of these measures in research versus clinical settings. Articles (n = 22) were analyzed using a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) model.

Testing a Tailored Social-Ecological Model for Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To propose a tailored social ecological model for Autism Spectrum Disorders and explore relationships between variables in a large nationally-representative dataset.

Methods: A tailored social-ecological model was developed and examined across variables in the 2016/2017 National Survey of Children's Health. A series of iterative multivariable logistic regressions were performed including individual, family, and community/neighborhood variables.

Pilot Study of Neurodevelopmental Impact of Early Epilepsy Surgery in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Background: To determine if early epilepsy surgery mitigates detrimental effects of refractory epilepsy on development, we investigated surgical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with tuberous sclerosis complex who underwent surgery before age two years.

Methods: Prospective multicenter observational study of 160 children with tuberous sclerosis complex. Surgical outcome was determined for the seizure type targeted by surgery.

Impacting development in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex: Multidisciplinary research collaboration.

The Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Autism Center of Excellence Network (TACERN) is a 6-site collaborative conducting longitudinal research on infants with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), focused on identifying early biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A multidisciplinary research team that includes the specialties of psychology, neurology, pediatrics, medical genetics, and speech-language pathology, its members work together to conduct studies on neurological status, brain structure and function, neurodevelopmental phenotype, and behavioral challenges in this population. This article provides insights into the roles of the multidisciplinary multisite team and lessons learned from the collaboration, in terms of research as well as training of future researchers and clinicians.

Predicting Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Children with ASD: Evaluation of a Contextual Model of Parental Factors.

Parental adjustment, parenting behaviors, and child routines have been linked to internalizing and externalizing child behavior. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a comprehensive model examining relations among these variables in children with ASD and their parents. Based on Sameroff's Transactional Model of Development (Sameroff in: The transactional model of development: How children and contexts shape each other, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, 2009), researchers hypothesized that these factors would collectively predict child behavior.

From word reading to multisentence comprehension: Improvements in brain activity in children with autism after reading intervention.

Background: Children with ASD show a unique reading profile characterized by decoding abilities equivalent to verbal abilities, but with lower comprehension skills. Neuroimaging studies have found recruitment of regions primarily associated with visual processing (e.g.