Development of a Digital Health Intervention to Support Patients on a Waitlist for Orthopedic Specialist Care: Co-Design Study.

Background: The demand for orthopedic specialist consultations for patients with osteoarthritis in public hospitals is high and continues to grow. Lengthy waiting times are increasingly affecting patients from low socioeconomic and culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds who are more likely to rely on public health care.

Objective: This study aimed to co-design a digital health intervention for patients with OA who are waiting for an orthopedic specialist consultation at a public health service, which is located in local government areas (LGAs) of identified social and economic disadvantage.

The engagement of tertiary students with an online mental health intervention during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A feasibility study.

Background: We discuss the feasibility of a brief, online mental health promotion programme for tertiary students and establish recommendations for future programmes.

Methods: The programme 'Student Elevenses' was delivered at a tertiary education institution. 'Student Elevenses' aimed to promote student wellbeing during the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis, comprised of 10-15-min daily online micro-interventions targeting six lifestyle areas for wellbeing, and was delivered via video conference.

The acute affective response to physical activity in people with depression: A meta-analysis.

Background: Little is known about the acute affective response to physical activity in people with depression, which may have implications for acute symptom management and may also be a mechanism that explains the antidepressant effects of physical activity. This study aimed to quantitatively synthesize existing research on the acute affective response to physical activity in people with depression.

Methods: Five online databases were searched to July 2021 to identify studies that examined pre-post changes in affective states following a bout of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in people with depression.

Lifestyle behaviours and mental health and wellbeing of tertiary students during COVID-19 lockdown in Australia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Australia experienced significant COVID-19 lockdown restrictions throughout 2020 that had an impact on mental health and disrupted health-promoting lifestyle behaviours. Lockdowns may have exacerbated existing mental health concerns among tertiary students, who experience higher levels of mental health concerns compared to the wider community. This study aimed to investigate the association between modifiable lifestyle factors and wellbeing of students at a Melbourne-based tertiary education institution during COVID-19 lockdown.

A Brief, Daily, Online Mental Health and Well-being Intervention for University Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Program Description and Outcomes Using a Mixed Methods Design.

Background: The unprecedented changes and isolation measures to contain COVID-19 have had multiple psychological and social impacts, with implications for professional and personal functioning. Evidence-informed interventions that can be rapidly implemented under pandemic conditions to support mental health during such times are urgently needed.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of a daily online mental health promotion program for tertiary education staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Mindfulness is associated with reduced barriers to exercise via decreasing psychological distress in help-seeking young adults: A cross-sectional brief report.

Aim: Mental illness is common among young people. Exercise has benefits for mental health; however, young people experience a range of barriers to engaging in physical activity, one of which is psychological distress. Mindfulness is a modifiable factor that can reduce distress and may, in turn, reduce perceived barriers to physical activity.

The Effect of Interventions That Target Multiple Modifiable Health Behaviors on Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Young People: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of interventions targeting multiple modifiable health behaviors (i.e., physical activity/sedentary behaviors, nutrition/diet, sleep, substance use) on depression and anxiety in young people.

Young people's attitudes towards integrating physical activity as part of mental health treatment: A cross-sectional study in youth mental health services.

Introduction: Due to the significant burden associated with mental disorders that have their onset in youth, there is a critical need to improve treatments and treatment outcomes. Given the evidence for physical activity (PA) as an effective intervention for reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in young people, we examined young people's attitudes towards and acceptability of PA as part of mental health treatment, predictors of current engagement in PA and predictors of attitudes towards PA as a treatment option.

Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 88 young people (15-25 years) who were engaged in treatment at youth mental health services in Melbourne, Australia.

Further evidence that methods based on spot urine samples should not be used to examine sodium-disease relationships from the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (November 2018 to August 2019).

The aim of this eighth Science of Salt outcomes review is to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary sodium and health outcomes published between November 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019, to extend this series published in the Journal since 2016. The standardized Science of Salt search strategy was conducted. Studies were screened based on a priori defined criteria to identify publications eligible for detailed critical appraisal.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours Related to Physician-Delivered Dietary Advice for Patients with Hypertension.

Dietary modifications are key health behaviour recommendations for the prevention and management of hypertension, a leading contributor of global disease burden. Despite this, few primary care physicians discuss nutrition with their patients. This study describes the barriers and facilitators to the provision of dietary advice for hypertension prevention and management among Canadian physicians.

Evaluating the confounding effects of medical therapies on potassium intake assessment in patients with heart failure.

Background And Aims: Potassium-wasting (loop diuretics [LD]) and potassium-sparing (spironolactone) medications used for heart failure (HF) may alter renal potassium handling and confound the use of twenty-four-hour (24-h) urine collections as a surrogate marker for potassium intake, an effect that has been observed with dietary sodium assessment. The objective was to determine the strength of association between 24-h urine collections and weighed food records in assessing potassium intake in HF patients stratified by LD usage and spironolactone usage.

Methods And Results: Stable outpatients with HF simultaneously completed two 24-h urine collections and two weighed food records on consecutive days.

Diet quality, dietary inflammatory index and body mass index as predictors of response to adjunctive -acetylcysteine and mitochondrial agents in adults with bipolar disorder: A sub-study of a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Aims: We aimed to explore the relationships between diet quality, dietary inflammatory potential or body mass index and outcomes of a clinical trial of nutraceutical treatment for bipolar depression.

Methods: This is a sub-study of a randomised controlled trial of participants with bipolar depression who provided dietary intake data ( = 133). Participants received 16 weeks adjunctive treatment of either placebo or -acetylcysteine-alone or a combination of mitochondrial-enhancing nutraceuticals including -acetylcysteine (combination treatment).

The Effects of Dietary Improvement on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: Poor diet can be detrimental to mental health. However, the overall evidence for the effects of dietary interventions on mood and mental well-being has yet to be assessed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining effects of dietary interventions on symptoms of depression and anxiety.

The SMILES trial: an important first step.

The SMILES trial was the first intervention study to test dietary improvement as a treatment strategy for depression. Molendijk et al. propose that expectation bias and difficulties with blinding might account for the large effect size.

Correction to: A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the 'SMILES' trial).

The original version of this paper [1] did not specify that a website was used in the final year of recruitment, in addition to the other stated recruitment methods.

Economic evaluation of a dietary intervention for adults with major depression (the "SMILES" trial).

Background: Recently, the efficacy of dietary improvement as a therapeutic intervention for moderate to severe depression was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. The SMILES trial demonstrated a significant improvement in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores favouring the dietary support group compared with a control group over 12 weeks. We used data collected within the trial to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this novel intervention.

Sex-Specific Associations in Nutrition and Activity-Related Risk Factors for Chronic Disease: Australian Evidence from Childhood to Emerging Adulthood.

Global assessments of burden of disease suggests there are sex differences in risk factors for chronic disease, including overweight/obesity, dietary patterns and habitual physical activity. Given that prevention efforts aim to target such factors to reduce disease risk, the age at which sex differences may occur is of particular interest. Early life to young adulthood is the optimal time for intervention, with lifestyle habits typically forming during this period.

Fasting Plasma Glucose, Self-Appraised Diet Quality and Depressive Symptoms: A US-Representative Cross-Sectional Study.

Depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute significantly to global burden of disease and often co-occur. Underpinning type 2 diabetes is poor glycaemic control and glucose is also an obligatory substrate for brain metabolism, with potential implications for cognition, motivation and mood. This research aimed to examine the relationships between fasting plasma glucose and depressive symptoms in a large, population representative sample of US adults, controlling for other demographic and lifestyle behavioural risk factors.

A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the 'SMILES' trial).

Background: The possible therapeutic impact of dietary changes on existing mental illness is largely unknown. Using a randomised controlled trial design, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of a dietary improvement program for the treatment of major depressive episodes.

Methods: 'SMILES' was a 12-week, parallel-group, single blind, randomised controlled trial of an adjunctive dietary intervention in the treatment of moderate to severe depression.

The gut microbiome and diet in psychiatry: focus on depression.

Purpose Of Review: With depressive disorders the leading source of disability globally, the identification of new targets for prevention and management is imperative. A rapidly emerging field of research suggests that the microbiome-gut-brain axis is of substantial relevance to mood and behaviour. Similarly, unhealthy diet has recently emerged as a significant correlate of and risk factor for depression.

Implementing the Affordable Care Act: state action on quality improvement in state-based marketplaces.

Under the Affordable Care Act, the health insurance marketplaces can encourage improvements in health care quality by: allowing consumers to compare plans based on quality and value, setting common quality improvement requirements for qualified health plans, and collecting quality and cost data to inform improvements. This issue brief reviews actions taken by state-based marketplaces to improve health care quality in three areas: 1) using selective contracting to drive quality and delivery system reforms; 2) informing consumers about plan quality; and 3) collecting data to inform quality improvement. Thirteen state-based marketplaces took action to promote quality improvement and delivery system reforms through their marketplaces in 2014.