Barriers and facilitators of following perioperative internal medicine recommendations by surgical teams: a sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study.

Background: Preoperative medical consultations add expense and burden for patients and the impact of these consults on patient outcomes is conflicting. Previous work suggests that 10-40% of preoperative medical consult recommendations are not followed. This limits measurement of the effect of perioperative medical consultation on patient outcomes and represents a quality gap, given the patient time and healthcare cost associated with consultation.

Abnormal intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in Parkinson's disease.

. Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by nigrostriatal dopamine depletion. Previous studies measuring spontaneous brain activity using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging have reported abnormal changes in broadly distributed whole-brain networks.

[F]AV-1451 binding to neuromelanin in the substantia nigra in PD and PSP.

This study investigated binding of [F]AV-1451 to neuromelanin in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). [F]AV-1451 is a positron emission tomography radiotracer designed to bind pathological tau. A post-mortem study using [F]AV-1451 discovered off-target binding properties to neuromelanin in the substantia nigra.

Imaging tau pathology in Parkinsonisms.

The recent development of positron emission tomography radiotracers targeting pathological tau in vivo has led to numerous human trials. While investigations have primarily focused on the most common tauopathy, Alzheimer's disease, it is imperative that testing also be performed in parkinsonian tauopathies, such as progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. Tau aggregates differ in isoforms and conformations across disorders, and as a result one radiotracer may not be appropriate for all tauopathies.

Positron emission tomography imaging of tau pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Progressive supranuclear palsy is a rare form of atypical Parkinsonism that differs neuropathologically from other parkinsonian disorders. While many parkinsonian disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and multiple system atrophy are classified as synucleinopathies, progressive supranuclear palsy is coined a tauopathy due to the aggregation of pathological tau in the brain. [F]AV-1451 (also known as [F]-T807) is a positron emission tomography radiotracer that binds to paired helical filaments of tau in Alzheimer's disease.

Microglial activation in Parkinson's disease using [F]-FEPPA.

Background: Neuroinflammatory processes including activated microglia have been reported to play an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Increased expression of translocator protein (TSPO) has been observed after brain injury and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand targeting TSPO allows for the quantification of neuroinflammation in vivo.

Disrupted Nodal and Hub Organization Account for Brain Network Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease.

The recent application of graph theory to brain networks promises to shed light on complex diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to investigate functional changes in sensorimotor and cognitive networks in Parkinsonian patients, with a focus on inter- and intra-connectivity organization in the disease-associated nodal and hub regions using the graph theoretical analyses. Resting-state functional MRI data of a total of 65 participants, including 23 healthy controls (HCs) and 42 patients, were investigated in 120 nodes for local efficiency, betweenness centrality, and degree.

Imaging pathological tau in atypical parkinsonian disorders.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the current literature on tau imaging in atypical parkinsonian disorders and other tauopathies.

Recent Findings: There are a number of tau PET radiotracers that have demonstrated promising preliminary results in atypical parkinsonian disorders, such as progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. These radiotracers were capable of selectively labeling tau in vitro and in vivo, with high affinity.

Management of anxiety and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is typically known for its cardinal motor symptoms, but a growing body of literature is recognizing a multitude of important nonmotor symptoms as well. Anxiety is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms of PD; unfortunately, neither the management of anxiety nor its influence on motor symptoms is well understood. While recent literature indicates a correlation between motor symptoms and anxiety in PD, it remains uncertain whether one symptom acts as the underlying cause of the other.