The impact of co-occurring mental health problems on referral to and initiation of treatment among youth under probation supervision: Findings from a cluster randomized trial.

Introduction: Many youth under community supervision have substance use and co-occurring mental health issues. Yet, access to treatment is limited, and many programs cannot address co-occurring disorders. This study examines how co-occurring symptoms among youth on probation affect referral to and initiation of treatment.

Predicting initiation to treatment for youth on probation: A multi-level approach.

Background: Previous research on youth involved in the juvenile legal system (JLS), who have higher substance use prevalence than other adolescents, has focused on treatment outcomes post-initiation. Scant research has examined factors affecting treatment initiation following JLS referral. The current work addresses this gap by estimating net impacts of state, site, and client attributes on initiating treatment.