Examining the Genetic Role of rs8192675 Variant in Saudi Women Diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex disorder defined by the Rotterdam criteria. Insulin resistance is a common factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus among women with PCOS. The gene has been identified as a T2DM gene by genome-wide association studies in the rs8192675 SNP.

Alginate Beads as a Promising Tool for Successful Production of Viable and Pluripotent Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in a 3D Culture System.

Purpose: Two-dimensional (2D)-based cell culture systems, limited by their inherent heterogeneity and scalability, are a bottleneck in the production of high-quality cells for downstream biomedical applications. Finding the optimal conditions for large-scale stem cell culture while maintaining good cellular status is challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of three-dimensional (3D) culture on the viability, proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs).

Strategy for immunological analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokine marker studies with chronic hepatitis B virus in Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes of infectious disease in the global population, and its prevalence has been increasing globally. Human HBV infection is complex, involving both innate and adaptive immune systems. Cytokines play a role in both physiologic and pathologic processes in the liver.

Molecular Role of Asn680Ser and Asp37Glu Missense Variants in Saudi Women with Female Infertility and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Female infertility (FI) is a global health issue. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of FI. The renalase gene () is associated with FI and other human diseases.

A study on the immunological vitality of an inflammatory biomarker explored with rs5743708 polymorphism in gene among Saudi women confirmed with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an ovarian health condition as well as a long-term endocrine dysfunction that affects reproductive-aged women. Toll-like receptor 2 () gene was linked to PCOS and chronic inflammation, and the prevalence of obesity was rising in Saudi women. Previous studies on rs5743708 polymorphism were documented in the obesity as well as in PCOS women.

Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into functional lung alveolar epithelial cells in 3D dynamic culture.

Understanding lung epithelium cell development from human induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) can lead to an individualized model for lung engineering, therapy, and drug testing. We developed a protocol to produce lung mature type I pneumocytes using encapsulation of human IPSCs in 1.1% (w/v) alginate solution within a rotating wall bioreactor system in only 20 days without using feeder cells.

Dissecting the Molecular Role of SNPs in Saudi Women Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

The traditional definition of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the leading cause of carbohydrate intolerance in hyperglycemia of varying severity, with onset or initial detection during pregnancy. Previous studies have reported a relationship among obesity, adiponectin (), and diabetes in Saudi Arabia. is an adipokine that is produced and secreted by adipose tissue involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism.

Evidence from genetic studies among rs2107538 variant in the gene and Saudi patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and metabolic disorder that affects the adult population. Chemokines are proinflammatory cytokines that play a role in the development of chronic diseases such as obesity, gestational diabetes, and T2DM. The C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 () gene plays a role in antiviral immunity, tumor development, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and T2DM.

Combined Supplementation of and Diminishes Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Intestinal Alterations via Activation of Nrf-2 Signaling Pathway in Rats.

Exposure to long-term chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) can cause redox imbalance and inflammation, which may affect the integrity of the gut barrier. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a probiotics bacterium mixture, including and , on the intestinal homeostasis in rats exposed to multiple low-intensity stressors for 28 days. The mechanism of CUMS-induced altered intestinal homeostasis was evaluated by focusing on the nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) pathway.

An Insight into the Impact of Serum Tellurium, Thallium, Osmium and Antimony on the Antioxidant/Redox Status of PCOS Patients: A Comprehensive Study.

Humans exploit heavy metals for various industrial and economic reasons. Although some heavy metals are essential for normal physiology, others such as Tellurium (Te), Thallium (TI), antimony (Sb), and Osmium (Os) are highly toxic and can lead to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a common female factor of infertility. The current study was undertaken to determine levels of the heavy metals TI, Te, Sb and Os in serum of PCOS females ( = 50) compared to healthy non-PCOS controls ( = 56), and to relate such levels with Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), activity of key antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress marker levels and redox status.

Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor and Hypoxia Synergistically Enhance the Self-Renewal, Survival Rate, and Proliferation of Human Stem Cells.

Introduction: High-efficacy single-cell cloning of human-induced pluripotent cells (IPSCs) remains a major challenge. The development of a culture method that supports single-cell passaging while maintaining reproducibility, homogeneity, scalability, and cell expansion to clinically relevant numbers is necessary for clinical application.

Methods: To address this issue, we combined the use of the rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 and hypoxic conditions in culture to produce a novel, efficient single-cell culture method for human IPSCs and embryonic stem cells.

Understanding the Molecular Biology of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review.

Coronaviruses are named after the crown-like spike proteins on their surface. In the 21st century, three coronaviruses, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), have emerged in the human population, presumably evolving from pathogens infecting other animals. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses responsible for 15-30% of the atypical pneumonia cases in humans worldwide.

Green synthesis, characterization, enhanced functionality and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles based on .

The present study focused on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from (CS) containing structural polymers, phenolic compounds and glycosidic bioactive macromolecules. Plant phenolic compounds can act as antioxidants, lignin, and attractants like flavonoids and carotenoids. Henceforth, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared extracellularly by the combinatorial action of stabilizing and reduction of the CS leaf extract.

Selenium Nanoparticles by Moderating Oxidative Stress Promote Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts.

Purpose: Redox homeostasis plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for bone engineering. Oxidative stress (OS) is believed to induce osteoporosis by changing bone homeostasis. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), an antioxidant with pleiotropic pharmacological activity, prevent bone loss.