Ocular findings in the evaluation of abusive head trauma in children.

Purpose: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a form of child physical abuse that can result in major ocular injuries. This study describes the clinical presentation and ocular manifestations of infants diagnosed with AHT in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study from 2015 to 2022 conducted at King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with rhabdomyolysis: A tertiary care center experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory features, complications, and outcomes of patients with rhabdomyolysis in the Saudi population.

Methods: Retrospectives descriptive study of adult patients who presented to King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) withrhabdomyolysis between January 2016 and December 2022.

Results: Most of the participants (84.

Parasomnias and Associated Factors Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Background and aim Parasomnias are a group of sleep-related movements or emotions like sleepwalking, sleep talking, teeth grinding (Bruxism), nocturnal enuresis (sleep enuresis), sleep terrors (night terrors), sleep-related eating disorder (SRED), nightmare disorder, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD), and confusional arousals. Parasomnias are more common in children than in adults. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different parasomnias among university students in Saudi Arabia.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Speech Delay in Children Less Than Seven Years Old in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Verbal communication relies on the ability to speak and understand language. Speech is only one part of language; language can also be expressed through gestures, writing, and other nonverbal means. Speech and language disorders are impairments in the ability to produce and comprehend language, including problems with mouth movements and vocalization.

The Impact of Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Six-Year Single-Center Experience.

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections following kidney transplantation. Risk factors for UTIs in kidney transplant recipients include female gender, age, pre-transplant urinary tract abnormalities, diabetes, and recurrent UTIs. Infections of the bladder or urethra are termed lower UTIs, while those involving the kidneys or ureters are called upper UTIs.

Persistence of Symptoms Following Infection With COVID-19 Among Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia.

Background: In Saudi Arabia, information on the persistence of COVID-19-related complications in diabetic patients, their associations with the type of diabetes mellitus (DM), and the role of uncontrolled DM in the complications remains elusive. This study aims to fill this gap. This study aimed to examine the persistence of COVID-19 complications in diabetic patients.

Assessment of Knowledge and Perception Regarding Deep Brain Stimulation Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure approved for treating psychiatric and movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor, dystonia, and other neurological conditions. The widespread use of DBS may not be reflected in the medical education curricula in Saudi universities, thus jeopardizing future patients' access to it. This study aims to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of medical students toward DBS as a therapeutic option.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Preterm Birth Among Pregnant Women in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Pregnant women are regarded as a unique group due to the distinct immunological condition that pregnancy produces, which makes pregnant women more susceptible to respiratory infections like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its consequences. During pregnancy, many viral infections have been recognized to increase the risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes such as preterm delivery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection on preterm birth in pregnant women in the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.

Medication Adherence Status and Its Association With Quality of Life Among Individuals With Neurological Conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Chronic disorders commonly require long-term therapies. Medication non-adherence can cause major morbidity and mortality in chronic illness individuals, as well as increase the financial burden on the healthcare system. It is considered that patients who adhere to their treatment may improve their quality of life (QoL).

Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a developmental and physical disorder with different degrees of severity. Since CP manifests itself in early childhood, numerous research studies have concentrated on children with CP. Patients with CP encounter different severity of motor impairments attributed to the damage or disturbance to the fetal or infant developing brain, which begins in early childhood and persists through adulthood.

The Prevalence and Incidence of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

A hemolytic uremic syndrome is an uncommon but severe condition brought on by an overactive alternative complement system, typically involving a hereditary component. It will be crucial to comprehend the epidemiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome as research advances toward bettering its diagnosis and treatment. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the incidence and prevalence estimates of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) internationally.

Implications of Early Diagnosis and Intervention in the Management of Neurodevelopmental Delay (NDD) in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neuro-developmental delay (NDD) is when a child's reflexes and nervous system are underdeveloped or immature at a given stage of child development. Neurodevelopmental delays account for delayed skill development surrounding speech, social, emotional, behavioral, motor, and cognitive delays. NDD might affect the child's psychological and physical well-being, resulting in chronic disease and disabilities throughout adulthood.

Determining the Prevalence of Child Maltreatment Among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia Using ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool.

Background Child maltreatment is an important public health issue, thus determining its prevalence is critical to recognize the extent of the problem and mandate efforts to combat child abuse. We aimed to investigate child maltreatment prevalence among special populations of young adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods We used the retrospective version of the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-R).

Assessment of Barriers and Challenges in Headache Education Among Neurology Residents in Saudi Arabia.

Background  Headache problems are among the most common medical conditions. There are major gaps in understanding headaches among healthcare practitioners. This study aimed to determine challenges and barriers to headache training among neurology residents in Saudi Arabia.

Intramuscular Versus Intravenous Treatment of Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review.

Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality with fatal outcomes if not treated well. The goal of this study was to compare the intramuscular and intravenous treatment of individuals with status epilepticus. A search was performed on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for articles published in the English language in peer-reviewed publications up to March 1, 2023.

Assessment of Public Knowledge of Hypertension Among the Saudi Population.

Background Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular illness and premature death and is becoming more prevalent worldwide. To promote better educational strategies regarding hypertension, it is crucial to identify the most significant knowledge gaps among the general public. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of hypertension among the general public in Saudi Arabia.

The Association of Screen Time, Sleep Quality, and Dry Eye Among College Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background Dry eye is a serious public health issue that causes ocular discomfort, weariness, and visual disturbances that can disrupt everyday activities. Dry eye disease is one of the most common reasons people seek eye care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between screen time, sleep quality, and dry eye among college students in Saudi Arabia.

Clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of patients with mycosis fungoides: A single tertiary center retrospective analysis in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the distinctive clinical and pathological characteristics and outcomes of MF in a Saudi population.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all MF cases diagnosed clinically with pathological confirmation at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh from January 2016 to July 2022. Variables include demographical, clinical, and pathological MF traits and disease outcomes.

Regional and seasonal variations in functional abdominal pain and functional constipation prevalence among Saudi children.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate functional abdominal pain disorders and functional constipation prevalence in the central region of Saudi Arabia, and compare it to that of the western region.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires targeting the general population of Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Subjects were randomly selected by sharing links on social media groups.

The Preferred Route for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Carcinoma Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a specific subgroup of PTC. Given their small size, PTMCs are often asymptomatic and behave benignly.

Online Health Information Seeking by Individuals With Physical Disabilities Caused by Neurological Conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Background In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of the internet and information technology for accessing health information. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect patients with neurological disabilities and their willingness to search for information via the internet. In addition, we aimed to assess how patients manage this information, considering the increasing availability of online information and websites that discuss health and diseases, as well as the spread of communication technology and its accessibility to the public.

An Assessment of Dementia Knowledge and Its Associated Factors Among Health College Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background Dementia is a public health concern and the main cause of impairment and dependency among the elderly worldwide. It is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, memory, and all domains of quality of life with preserving the level of consciousness. Accurate measurement of dementia knowledge among future health professionals is required to improve targeted educational initiatives and supportive care of patients.

Construct Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale Among Saudi Population.

Background Knowledgeable people are more likely to follow their treatment plan and reduce hypertension morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to construct the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale (HK-LS) among Saudis. Methods This cross-sectional questionnaire research targets hypertensives and non-hypertensives.

Women's Perceptions of Medication Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Saudi Arabia.

Background Pregnancy is a unique physiological condition in which medication intake offers a challenge and a worry due to changed drug pharmacokinetics and drugs potentially crossing the placenta, such as beta blockers and benzodiazepines. As a result, medication safety during pregnancy has gained global interest, attracting attention from doctors and pregnant women, little of which has been documented regarding the Saudi population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess medication use and perceptions of medication use during pregnancy and breastfeeding among women in Saudi Arabia.