Value of routine blood count surveillance in detecting relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have excellent outcomes, with >85% survival without relapse following contemporary therapies. Clinical and complete blood count (CBC) assessments are commonly used surveillance methods to detect relapses. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of routine blood testing for detecting relapse using a systematic method of assessing normal and abnormal results.

Antibiofilm efficacy of a calcium silicate-based intracanal medicament against Fusobacterium nucleatum strains.

This study evaluated the antibiofilm efficacy of a calcium silicate-based intracanal medicament (Bio-C Temp) against Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum). Dentin slices (n = 88) were inoculated with F.

From molecules to heart regeneration: Understanding the complex and profound role of non-coding RNAs in stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation for cardiac repair.

Recent studies of noncoding genomes have shown important implications for regulating gene expression and genetic programs during development and their association with health, including cardiovascular disease. There are nearly 2,500 microRNAs (miRNAs), 12,000 long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), and nearly 4,000 circular RNAs (circles). Even though they do not code for proteins, they make up nearly 99% of the human genome.

The Impact of Silver Nanoparticles' Size on Biofilm Eradication.

Introduction: Efficient intracanal disinfection is required for a successful regenerative endodontic treatment. Thus, this study aimed to identify the silver nanoparticles' (NPs) size (AgNPs) with the highest antibiofilm efficacy when mixed with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)] to eradicate an in vitro endodontic biofilm.

Methods: The various sizes of AgNPs and mixtures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.

The Effect of Educational Intervention on Human Papillomavirus Knowledge among Male and Female College Students in Riyadh.

: Persistent high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cancers in the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and oropharynx. A lack of knowledge about HPV can lead to vaccine hesitancy, which is detrimental to combating HPV-related diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an HPV educational intervention to enhance university students' awareness of HPV.

The Effectiveness of No or Low-Dose versus High-Dose Aspirin in Treating Acute Kawasaki Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the effectiveness of no or low-dose versus high-dose aspirin on the incidence of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance, hospital stay length, and fever duration during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. Our review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines. The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were comprehensively searched to identify relevant studies in the literature, including observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level and structural changes following myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are anti-hyperglycemic drugs and have been proven to have cardiovascular protective effects for patients with heart failure regardless of their diabetes status. However, the benefit of SGLT2i following myocardial infarction (MI) remains incompletely established. This review aimed to investigate the impact of SGLT2i on NT-proBNP levels and structural changes post-MI.

The mammalian sperm factor phospholipase C zeta is critical for early embryo division and pregnancy in humans and mice.

Study Question: Are sperm phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) profiles linked to the quality of embryogenesis and pregnancy?

Summary Answer: Sperm PLCζ levels in both mouse and humans correlate with measures of ideal embryogenesis whereby minimal levels seem to be required to result in successful pregnancy.

What Is Known Already: While causative factors underlying male infertility are multivariable, cases are increasingly associated with the efficacy of oocyte activation, which in mammals occurs in response to specific profiles of calcium (Ca2+) oscillations driven by sperm-specific PLCζ. Although sperm PLCζ abrogation is extensively linked with human male infertility where oocyte activation is deficient, less is clear as to whether sperm PLCζ levels or localization underlies cases of defective embryogenesis and failed pregnancy following fertility treatment.

Characterizing a standardized BioPart for BAG-specific expression in .

Biological parts (BioParts) are modular and standardized DNA sequences that encode biological functions and contribute to the efficient biological engineering of complex systems. Here, we characterize a short BioPart (P , 300 bp) for bright multicopy and single-copy BAG-specific expression starting from the gastrula stage in hermaphrodite and male . We have generated standardized P cloning vectors for BAG-specific and expression compatible with extra-chromosomal arrays and for single-copy transgene insertion.

Pattern of Antibiotic Use Among Children With Acute Respiratory Infections in Saudi Arabia: Clinical Assessment.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the common clinical diagnoses and treatment management of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children and determine when antibiotics are recommended and prescribed.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical charts was carried out at King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Medical City (KSAMC) Hospital to assess pediatric patients diagnosed with ARIs aged 0-14 years, excluding those requiring antibiotics for conditions other than ARIs. Data, including demographic diagnoses and treatment management, were extracted using consecutive sampling, and statistical analyses were conducted using Jamovi software.

The Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Blood Glucose and Cholesterol Levels.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has reached epidemic proportions globally. Observational data link low vitamin D status to diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, but interventional trials on the effects of supplementation are limited.

Objective: We investigated associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and metabolic markers in Saudi adults.

Retraction: Cecal Lipoma: A Rare Etiology of Acute Appendicitis in Adults.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19423.

Evaluating the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Varicose Veins in Surgeons and Operating Room Staff at Buraidah Center Hospital.

Background Varicose veins (VVs), which are characterized by visible, convoluted veins in the lower limbs, are a prevalent disorder that afflicts a substantial portion of the population. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to look at the prevalence and risk factors for VVs among surgeons and operating room personnel at Buraidah Central Hospital in Saudi Arabia. They usually become worse over time once they develop, which highlights the importance of early intervention and preventive actions.

Microbial and heavy metal contamination in herbal medicine: a prospective study in the central region of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Herbal medicine is a medical system based on the utilization of plants or plant extracts for therapy. The continual increase in global consumption and the trade of herbal medicine has raised safety concerns in many regions. These concerns are mainly linked to microbial contamination, which could spread infections with multi-resistant bacteria in the community, and heavy metal contamination that may lead to cancers or internal organs' toxicity.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Abnormalities among Women Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia over 2 Years.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution varies according to the assessment method and the population targeted. This study aimed to assess HPV infection prevalence in women aged 23 to 82 with abnormal cytology attending King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using retrospective data collected from January 2021 to December 2022. Cytological distribution included 155 samples of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) (n = 83), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (n = 46), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (n = 14), atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) (n = 10), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n = 2).

Assessment of Adherence to Cardiovascular Medicines in Saudi Population: An Observational Study in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Drug adherence has been extensively evaluated in many developed countries in the West using different methods of medication adherence measurement; however, there are relatively few reports studying the adherence levels among Saudi patients. Thus, this study will evaluate the adherence to cardiovascular medicines in Saudi patients visiting (PSCC) in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study relied on self-administered questionnaires.

Association of Psychological Stress With Skin Symptoms Among the Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background and aim Studies have shown a significant relationship between psychological stress (PS) and health, and it is widely believed that factors such as stress and anxiety may not only be the result of certain diseases but can also cause and exacerbate some diseases. There is a lack of research on PS and its association with other skin conditions. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association of PS with skin symptoms using objective scales in the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

HPV Vaccine Knowledge and Hesitancy Among Health Colleges' Students at a Saudi University.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a widespread sexually transmitted infection linked to various types of cancer. Although vaccination against HPV is available, global HPV vaccination rates remain low.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of the HPV vaccine and to identify predictors associated with vaccine hesitancy among health college students at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia epidemiology: resistance profiles and clinical outcome of King Fahad Medical City isolates, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is the second leading cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired gram-negative bloodstream infection (BSI). This study aimed to assess the epidemiological and microbial-resistance characteristics and clinical factors associated with K.

Evaluation of the Most Visible Symptoms Associated with COVID-19 Vaccines Among the Residents of Makkah, Saudi Arabia: An Observational, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This research evaluated the most visible symptoms associated with coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines among residents in Makkah of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 among a representative sample of residents receiving COVID-19 vaccination at King Abdullah Medical City, ‏Al Ukayshiyyah, and Umm Al-Qura University vaccination centers. A total of 805 participants selected by a census sampling method were included.

Awareness and acceptance of teleclinic services during COVID-19 in the general population in Riyadh: Cross-sectional study.

Background: The first COVID-19 case in Saudi Arabia was reported on March 2, 2020. The Saudi government introduced the "937" service number as one of the telemedicine services for COVID-19 information. Telemedicine uses telecommunication and information technologies in the medical field to deliver healthcare services and improve patients' health status.

Characterizing a standardized BioPart for PVQ-specific expression in .

Synthetic biology relies on standardized biological parts (BioParts), and we aim to identify cell-specific promoters for every class of neuron in . Here, we characterize a short BioPart (P , 300 bp) for PVQ-specific expression. P showed bright, persistent, and specific expression in hermaphrodite and male PVQ neurons from multicopy arrays and single-copy insertions starting from the comma stage.

The Preferred Route for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Carcinoma Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a specific subgroup of PTC. Given their small size, PTMCs are often asymptomatic and behave benignly.