A comparative assessment of the CLP calculation method and in vivo testing for the classification of plant protection products.

In Europe, animal testing for the purpose of regulatory plant protection product (PPP) assessment should be undertaken only as a last resort. Nevertheless, there is a need to improve the acceptance of alternative methods, which has been slow due to a lack of data regarding the predictivity of in vivo effects. The CLP calculation method is an alternative method based on the concentration addition of all adverse substances in a mixture.

Comparative cytotoxicity of plant protection products and their active ingredients.

Toxicological testing of plant protection products (PPPs) is a legal requirement in the EU. The whole PPP formulation is tested for acute endpoints in vivo during approval procedure of PPPs. However, alternative methods such as the CLP calculation method (CM) are employed increasingly.