Photocatalysts Based on Graphite-like Carbon Nitride with a Low Content of Rhodium and Palladium for Hydrogen Production under Visible Light.

In this study, we proposed photocatalysts based on graphite-like carbon nitride with a low content (0.01-0.5 wt.

Insights into the Contribution of Oxidation-Reduction Pretreatment for MnZrO Catalyst of CO Oxidation Reaction.

A MnZrO mixed oxide catalyst was synthesized via the co-precipitation method and studied in a CO oxidation reaction after different redox pretreatments. The surface and structural properties of the catalyst were studied before and after the pretreatment using XRD, XANES, XPS, and TEM techniques. Operando XRD was used to monitor the changes in the crystal structure under pretreatment and reaction conditions.

Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production over NiS-Modified Cadmium and Manganese Sulfide Solid Solutions.

In this work, new photocatalysts based on CdMnS sulfide solid solutions were synthesized by varying the fraction of MnS (x = 0.4, 0.6, and 0.

Copper-Modified Titania-Based Photocatalysts for the Efficient Hydrogen Production under UV and Visible Light from Aqueous Solutions of Glycerol.

In this study, we have proposed titania-based photocatalysts modified with copper compounds for hydrogen evolution. Thermal pre-treatment of commercial TiO Degussa P25 (DTiO) and Hombifine N (HTiO) in the range from 600 to 800 °C was carried out followed by the deposition of copper oxides (1-10 wt. % of Cu).

Self-sustained oscillations in oxidation of methane over palladium: Experimental study and mathematical modeling.

An experimental study of the catalytic oxidation of methane over Pd foil in a flow reactor revealed that regular temporal oscillations in the reaction rate can arise at atmospheric pressure under methane-rich conditions. CO, CO, H, and HO were detected as products. The oscillations of partial pressures of products and reactants in the gas phase were accompanied by oscillations of the catalyst temperature.

Highly Active Visible Light-Promoted Ir/-CN Photocatalysts for the Water Oxidation Reaction Prepared from a Halogen-Free Iridium Precursor.

A combination of the exceptional stability of -[Ir(HO)(NO)] together with thermolability of nitro and aqua ligands and high solubility in various solvents makes it promising as a brand-new chlorine-free precursor of iridium for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts. In the current work, a new technique of -[Ir(HO)(NO)] preparation based on hydrothermal treatment of (NH)[Ir(NO)] was developed. For this purpose, the influence of reaction parameters such as the reaction time, temperature, and pH of the solution on the process of hexanitroiridate salt hydrolysis was investigated.

Broadening the Action Spectrum of TiO-Based Photocatalysts to Visible Region by Substituting Platinum with Copper.

In this study, TiO-based photocatalysts modified with Pt and Cu/CuO were synthesized and studied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO. The morphology and chemical states of synthesized photocatalysts were studied using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A series of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with maximum intensity in the range of 365-450 nm was used to determine the action spectrum of photocatalysts.

Promoting effect of Zn in high-loading Zn/Ni-SiO catalysts for selective hydrogen evolution from methylcyclohexane.

The dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane to toluene was investigated over high-loading monometallic Ni-SiO and bimetallic Zn/Ni-SiO catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by the impregnation coupled with the advantageous heterophase sol-gel technique. Their performance was tested in a fixed-bed flow reactor at 250-350 °C, 0.

Low Temperature Multilayer Adsorption of Methanol and Ethanol on Platinum.

Adsorption of methanol and ethanol on the clean Pt (111) surface was studied at temperatures between 80 and 130 K using polarization-modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). It was shown that adsorption of methanol at 80 K leads to the formation of amorphous solid methanol, and fast crystallization of the amorphous phase occurs upon warming at 100 K. Vapor deposition of methanol at 100 K directly leads to the formation of well-crystallized layers of solid methanol.

Study of Reduction of MnCoO Mixed Oxides: The Role of Manganese Content.

A series of Mn-Co mixed oxides with a gradual variation of the Mn/Co molar ratio were prepared by coprecipitation of cobalt and manganese nitrates. The structure, chemistry, and reducibility of the oxides were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). It was found that at concentrations of Mn below 37 atom %, a solid solution with a cubic spinel structure is formed.

Ni-Cu High-Loaded Sol-Gel Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Liquid Organic Hydrides: Insights into Structural Features and Relationship with Catalytic Activity.

The heightened interest in liquid organic hydrogen carriers encourages the development of catalysts suitable for multicycle use. To ensure high catalytic activity and selectivity, the structure-reactivity relationship must be extensively investigated. In this study, high-loaded Ni-Cu catalysts were considered for the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane.

The Formation of Mn-Ce Oxide Catalysts for CO Oxidation by Oxalate Route: The Role of Manganese Content.

The Mn-Ce oxide catalysts active in the oxidation of CO were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), transition electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and a differential dissolution technique. The Mn-Ce catalysts were prepared by thermal decomposition of oxalates by varying the Mn:Ce ratio. The nanocrystalline oxides with a fluorite structure and particle sizes of 4-6 nm were formed.

New titania-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production from aqueous-alcoholic solutions of methylene blue.

A series of CuO -TiO photocatalysts were prepared using fresh and thermally activated Evonik Aeroxide P25 titanium dioxide. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XANES, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and N adsorption technique. Photocatalytic activity of the samples was tested in hydrogen production from aqueous-alcoholic solutions of methylene blue under UV radiation ( = 386 nm).

Coupling Hydrogenation of Guaiacol with In Situ Hydrogen Production by Glycerol Aqueous Reforming over Ni/AlO and Ni-X/AlO (X = Cu, Mo, P) Catalysts.

Biomass-derived liquids, such as bio-oil obtained by fast pyrolysis, can be a valuable source of fuels and chemicals. However, these liquids have high oxygen and water content, needing further upgrading typically involving hydrotreating using H at high pressure and temperature. The harsh reaction conditions and use of expensive H have hindered the progress of this technology and led to the search for alternative processes.

CuFeAl Nanocomposite Catalysts for Coal Combustion in Fluidized Bed.

A method of oil-drop granulation was suggested for the preparation of spherical CuFeAl nanocomposite catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by a set of physicochemical methods (X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction by H, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, crushing strength) and tested in the oxidation of CO and burning of brown coal in a fluidized bed. It was found that the catalysts have high mechanical strength (16.

[Pathogenesis and classification of advanced peritonitis].

The concept of pathogenesis of peritonitis and abdominal sepsis are discussed in the article. Significant scientific findings devoted to this issue occurred in recent years. Nevertheless, there is still no unity in understanding the pathogenesis of peritonitis.

The Influence of Cu and Al Additives on Reduction of Iron(III) Oxide: In Situ XRD and XANES Study.

The reduction of Fe-based nanocomposite catalysts doped with Al and Cu has been studied using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. The catalysts have been synthesized by melting of iron, aluminum, and copper salts. According to XRD, the catalysts consist mainly of FeO and AlO phases.

[Efficiency of the multimodal approach to analgesia in total knee arthroplasty].

Material And Methods: The study included 160 patients with end stage knee osteoarthritis hospitalized for primary uncomplicated TKA. There were 142 women and 18 men (mean age 66.5 and 65.

Nonstoichiometric titanium dioxide nanotubes with enhanced catalytical activity under visible light.

The catalytic activity of nanotubular titanium dioxide films formed during the oxidation of acetone to carbon dioxide under the action of visible light with a wavelength of 450 nm was found to be approximately 2 times higher compared to standard titanium dioxide (Degussa P25). The nanotubular films were grown by the anodization of titanium foil using an original technique. Diffuse reflectance spectra of the films are attributed to enhanced activity in the visible spectrum by the nonstoichiometry of titanium dioxide near the interface between the nanotubular film and the titanium foil substrate.

In situ formation of the active sites in Pd-Au bimetallic nanocatalysts for CO oxidation: NAP (near ambient pressure) XPS and MS study.

Model bimetallic Pd-Au/HOPG catalysts have been investigated in the CO oxidation reaction using a combination of NAP XPS and MS techniques. The samples have shown catalytic activity at temperatures above 150 °C. The redistribution of Au and Pd on the surface depending on the reaction conditions has been demonstrated using NAP XPS.

Nonstoichiometric oxygen in Mn-Ga-O spinels: reduction features of the oxides and their catalytic activity.

The subject of this study was the content of oxygen in mixed oxides with the spinel structure MnGaO that were synthesized by coprecipitation and thermal treatment in argon at 600-1200 °C. The study revealed the presence of excess oxygen in "low-temperature" oxides synthesized at 600-800 °C. The occurrence of superstoichiometric oxygen in the structure of MnGaO oxide indicates the formation of cationic vacancies, which shows up as a decreased lattice parameter in comparison with "high-temperature" oxides synthesized at 1000-1200 °C; the additional negative charge is compensated by an increased content of Mn cations according to XPS.

Higher physical activity and lower pain levels before surgery predict non-improvement of knee pain 1 year after TKA.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe patterns of pain during the first year following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and evaluate pre- and postoperative factors associated with pain and patient satisfaction at 1 year. It was hypothesized that more severe preoperative pain would be associated with more residual pain and lower patient satisfaction 1 year after surgery.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was performed with repeated measures of pain (0-10 numeric rating scale) and evaluation of other self-reported symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Fatigue Severity Score), daily functioning (Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale), quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), knee function (KSS Knee and Function Score), perioperative and clinical characteristics (e.

Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Self-Sustained Kinetic Oscillations in Catalytic Oxidation of Methane over Nickel.

The self-sustained kinetic oscillations in the oxidation of CH over Ni foil have been studied at atmospheric pressure using an X-ray diffraction technique and mass spectrometry. It has been shown that the regular oscillations appear under oxygen-deficient conditions; CO, CO, H, and HO are detected as the products. According to in situ X-ray diffraction measurements, nickel periodically oxidizes to NiO initiating the reaction-rate oscillations.

Reversible Bulk Oxidation of Ni Foil During Oscillatory Catalytic Oxidation of Propane: A Novel Type of Spatiotemporal Self-Organization.

A novel type of temporal and spatial self-organization in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction is described for the first time. Using in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry, we show that, under certain conditions, self-sustained reaction-rate oscillations arise in the oxidation of propane over Ni foil because of reversible bulk oxidation of Ni to NiO, which can be observed even with the naked eye as chemical waves propagating over the catalyst surface.

Factors Related to Postoperative Pain Trajectories following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Longitudinal Study of Patients Admitted to a Russian Orthopaedic Clinic.

This study explores sociodemographic, clinical, and surgical factors in relation to pain trajectories during the first 3 days following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). 100 patients (mean age 63.5 ± 7.