Mice with a missense variant display impaired glomerular repair.

PAX2 regulates kidney development, and its expression persists in parietal epithelial cells (PECs), potentially serving as a podocyte reserve. We hypothesized that mice with a pathogenic missense variant () have impaired PEC-mediated podocyte regeneration. Embryonic wild-type mouse kidneys showed overlapping expression of PAX2/Wilms' tumor-1 (WT-1) until PEC and podocyte differentiation, reflecting a close lineage relationship.

Characterization of chronic lung allograft dysfunction phenotypes using spectral and intrabreath oscillometry.

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the major cause of death beyond 2 years after lung transplantation and develops in 50% of all patients by 5 years post-transplant. CLAD is diagnosed on the basis of a sustained drop of 20% for at least 3 months in the forced expiratory volume (FEV), compared to the best baseline value achieved post-transplant. CLAD presents as two main phenotypes: bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is more common and has better prognosis than restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS).