Limonin (LM) and its derivatives: Unveiling the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of LM and V-A-4 in the management of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are central pathogenic consequences associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Limonin (LM), a tetracyclic triterpenoid available in citrus fruits, has anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective actions. LM derivative, V-A-4 emerged as a potential neuroprotective drug due to their ability to target multiple molecular pathways intertwined with neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis.

Impose of KNDy/GnRH neural circuit in PCOS, ageing, cancer and Alzheimer's disease: StAR actions in prevention of neuroendocrine dysfunction.

The Kisspeptin1 (KISS1)/neurokinin B (NKB)/Dynorphin (Dyn) [KNDy] neurons in the hypothalamus regulate the reproduction stage in human beings and rodents. KNDy neurons co-expressed all KISS1, NKB, and Dyn peptides, and hence commonly regarded as KISS1 neurons. KNDy neurons contribute to the "GnRH pulse generator" and are implicated in the regulation of pulsatile GnRH release.

Viral-induced neuronal necroptosis: Detrimental to brain function and regulation by necroptosis inhibitors.

Neuronal necroptosis (programmed necrosis) in the CNS naturally occurs through a caspase-independent way and, especially in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parknson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and viral infections. Understanding necroptosis pathways (death receptor-dependent and independent), and its connections with other cell death pathways could lead to new insights into treatment. Receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) mediates necroptosis via mixed-lineage kinase-like (MLKL) proteins.

Design strategies for composite matrix and multifunctional polymeric scaffolds with enhanced bioactivity for bone tissue engineering.

Over the past few decades, various bioactive material-based scaffolds were investigated and researchers across the globe are actively involved in establishing a potential state-of-the-art for bone tissue engineering applications, wherein several disciplines like clinical medicine, materials science, and biotechnology are involved. The present review article's main aim is to focus on repairing and restoring bone tissue defects by enhancing the bioactivity of fabricated bone tissue scaffolds and providing a suitable microenvironment for the bone cells to fasten the healing process. It deals with the various surface modification strategies and smart composite materials development that are involved in the treatment of bone tissue defects.

Generation of hybrid tissue engineered construct through embedding autologous chondrocyte loaded platelet rich plasma/alginate based hydrogel in porous scaffold for cartilage regeneration.

Over the past decades, various attempts have been made to develop suitable tissue-engineered constructs to repair or regenerate the damaged or diseased articular cartilage. In the present study, we embedded Platelet rich plasma (PRP)/Sodium Alginate (SA) based hydrogel in porous 3D scaffold of chitosan (CH)/chondroitin sulfate (CS)/silk fibroin (SF) to develop hybrid scaffold for cartilage tissue construct generation with abilities to support shape recovery potential, facilitate uniform cells distribution and mimic gel like cartilage tissue extracellular matrix.The developed hybrid matrix shows suitable pore size (55-261 μm), porosity (77 ± 4.

Symphony of the DNA flexibility and sequence environment orchestrates p53 binding to its responsive elements.

The p53 tumor suppressor protein maintains the genome fidelity and integrity by modulating several cellular activities. It regulates these events by interacting with a heterogeneous set of response elements (REs) of regulatory genes in the background of chromatin configuration. At the p53-RE interface, both the base readout and torsional-flexibility of DNA account for high-affinity binding.

Osteogenic differentiation ability of human mesenchymal stem cells on Chitosan/Poly (Caprolactone)/nano beta Tricalcium Phosphate composite scaffolds.

Our work depicts the development and characterization of Chitosan/Poly (caprolactone)/nano beta-Tricalcium phosphate (CS/PCL/β-TCP) porous composite scaffolds by freeze drying method. Addition of PCL to CS/β-TCP composite scaffolds had significantly increased the compressive strength besides decelerating the degradation rate. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were chosen to assess in-vitro biocompatibility of the prepared scaffolds in terms of cell viability, cell attachment and proliferation by MTT assay, SEM and DNA Quantification assays respectively.

Design and evaluation of ciprofloxacin loaded collagen chitosan oxygenating scaffold for skin tissue engineering.

Hypoxia and sepsis are key concerns towards modern regenerative medicine. Oxygen generating biomaterials having antibacterial property aims to answer these concerns. Hypoxia promotes reactive oxygen species at the implant site that delays wound healing.

Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass.

Design and evaluation of chitosan/poly(l-lactide)/pectin based composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration.

Poor regenerative potential of cartilage tissue due to the avascular nature and lack of supplementation of reparative cells impose an important challenge in recent medical practice towards development of artificial extracellular matrix with enhanced neo-cartilage tissue regeneration potential. Chitosan (CH), poly (l-lactide) (PLLA), and pectin (PC) compositions were tailored to generate polyelectrolyte complex based porous scaffolds using freeze drying method and crosslinked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) solution containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) to mimic the composition as well as architecture of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). The physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical behaviors of developed scaffolds were done.

Strategies on process engineering of chondrocyte culture for cartilage tissue regeneration.

The current work is an attempt to study the strategies for cartilage tissue regeneration using porous scaffold in wavy walled airlift bioreactor (ALBR). Novel chitosan, poly (L-lactide) and hyaluronic acid based composite scaffold were prepared. The scaffolds were cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide and chondroitin sulfate to obtain interconnected 3D microstructure showing excellent biocompatibility, higher cellular differentiation and increased stability.