In Vitro Enhanced Osteogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded in a Poly (Lactic--Glycolic) Acid Scaffold: A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) and human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have demonstrated the capability to regenerate bone once they have differentiated into osteoblasts.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the in vitro osteogenic differentiation potential of these cells when seeded in a poly (lactic--glycolic) acid (PLGA) scaffold.

Methods: A literature search of 4 databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted in January 2021 for studies evaluating the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs and hADSCs seeded in a PLGA scaffold.

Verteporfin-loaded microparticles for radiosensitization of preclinical lung and breast metastatic spine cancer.

Objective: The vertebral column is the most common site for skeletal metastasis, often leading to debilitating pain and weakness. Metastatic cancer has unique genetic drivers that potentiate tumorigenicity. There is an unmet need for novel targeted therapy in patients with spinal metastatic disease.

Melatonin Treatment Triggers Metabolic and Intracellular pH Imbalance in Glioblastoma.

Metabolic rewiring in glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to intra- and extracellular pH regulation. In this study, we sought to characterize the role of melatonin on intracellular pH modulation and metabolic consequences to identify the mechanisms of action underlying melatonin oncostatic effects on GBM tumor initiating cells. GBM tumor initiating cells were treated at different times with melatonin (1.

Hypoxia-preconditioning of human adipose-derived stem cells enhances cellular proliferation and angiogenesis: A systematic review.

Background: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have gained attention lately because of their ease of harvesting and ability to be substantially multiplied in laboratory cultures. Stem cells are usually cultured under atmospheric conditions; however, preconditioning stem cells under hypoxic conditions seems beneficial.

Aim: This systematic review aims to investigate the effect of hypoxia preconditioning and its impact on the proliferation and angiogenic capacity of the hADSCs.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Therapy for Radiation-Induced Skin Injury.

Background: Radiation-induced skin injuries have been treated with different medical therapies and have shown diverse outcomes. We aim to evaluate the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) therapy on radiation-induced skin injury.

Methods: We performed a review by querying PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases from inception to April 2020 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Application of Human Adipose-Derived Stem cells for Bone Regeneration of the Skull in Humans.

Background: Archeological archives report cranioplasty as 1 of the oldest surgical procedures; however, it was not until the last century that true advances have been made. Alternative approaches are necessary to achieve optimal closure of the defect with fewer adverse effects. We aim to evaluate the use of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) alone or seeded in scaffolds as the main treatment for cranial bone defects and to assess human patient outcomes.

Use of adipose-derived stem cells in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration.

The potential to differentiate into different cell lines, added to the easy and cost-effective method of extraction, makes adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) an object of interest in lymphedema treatment. Our study's goal was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review of the use of ADSCs in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration. On July 23, 2019, using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase databases, we conducted a systematic review of published literature on the use of ADSCs in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration.

Functional Characterization of Brain Tumor-Initiating Cells and Establishment of GBM Preclinical Models that Incorporate Heterogeneity, Therapy, and Sex Differences.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer in adults where tumor cell heterogeneity and sex differences influence clinical outcomes. Here, we functionally characterize three male and three female patient-derived GBM cell lines, identify protumorigenic BTICs, and create novel male and female preclinical models of GBM. Cell lines were evaluated on the following features: proliferation, stemness, migration, tumorigenesis, clinical characteristics, and sensitivity to radiation, TMZ, rh (rhTRAIL), and rh All cell lines were classified as GBM according to epigenetic subtyping, were heterogenous and functionally distinct from one another, and re-capitulated features of the original patient tumor.

Targeted Therapy for Chordoma: Key Molecular Signaling Pathways and the Role of Multimodal Therapy.

Background: Chordoma is a rare but devastating tumor that arises in the cranial skull base or spine. There are currently no US Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted therapies for chordoma, and little understanding of whether using more than one therapy has benefit over monotherapy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review the current status of clinical trials completed for patients with chordoma to determine if multimodal therapy offers a benefit in progression-free survival over monomodal therapy.

Circulatory shear stress induces molecular changes and side population enrichment in primary tumor-derived lung cancer cells with higher metastatic potential.

Cancer is a leading cause of death and disease worldwide. However, while the survival for patients with primary cancers is improving, the ability to prevent metastatic cancer has not. Once patients develop metastases, their prognosis is dismal.

Materiales sensibles a biomarcadores y apósitos inteligentes: revisión sistemática.

Objective: Evaluate a number of biomarkers that can objectively measure the wound healing process, and identify the materials that could replicate this in smart wound dressings.

Method: A systematic review was conducted to establish the use of materials sensitive to biomarkers. Publications in English were included.

Ablation of neuropilin-1 improves the therapeutic response in conventional drug-resistant glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly proliferative and locally invasive cancer with poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Although anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) therapy offers short-term benefit to GBM patients, this approach fails as the tumor develops into a more invasive and drug-resistant phenotype and ultimately recurs. Recently, both glioma stemlike cells (GSCs) and brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) have been implicated in GBM recurrence and its resistance to therapy.

Chitosan-Based Non-viral Gene and Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Cancer.

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a leading source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Today, different strategies have been developed to allow targeted and controlled drug delivery into the brain. Gene therapy is a system based on the modification of patient's cells through the introduction of genetic material to exert a specific action.

Adipose-derived stem cells in wound healing of full-thickness skin defects: a review of the literature.

The complex process of wound healing can be delayed in circumstances when the natural niche is extremely altered. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) seem to be a promising therapy for these type of wounds. We aim to describe the studies that used ADSC for wound healing after a full-thickness skin defect, the ADSC mechanisms of action, and the outcomes of the different ADSC therapies applied to date.

Chronic Tenosynovitis of the Upper Extremities Caused by : A Clinical Case and Systematic Review of Literature.

 Chronic tenosynovitis of the upper extremities caused by ( ) is uncommon, but symptoms may overlap with other more common diseases. Late diagnosis and treatment can lead to disfiguration of structures and rupture of tendons, resulting in worse cosmetic outcomes after reconstruction.  We present a clinical case and literature review of in patients with chronic tenosynovitis of upper extremities.

Theranostic OCT microneedle for fast ultrahigh-resolution deep-brain imaging and efficient laser ablation in vivo.

Current minimally invasive optical techniques for in vivo deep-brain imaging provide a limited resolution, field of view, and speed. These limitations prohibit direct assessment of detailed histomorphology of various deep-seated brain diseases at their native state and therefore hinder the potential clinical utilities of those techniques. Here, we report an ultracompact (580 μm in outer diameter) theranostic deep-brain microneedle combining 800-nm optical coherence tomography imaging with laser ablation.

Osteosarcoma of the Upper Extremities: A National Analysis of the US Population.

Background/aim: Osteosarcoma of the upper extremities is rare, and characteristics in this location have not been described before. We aimed to analyze the characteristics and survival rate of osteosarcoma of the upper extremities.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed by querying the National Cancer Database.

Lack of Absorption of a Sustained-release Buprenorphine Formulation Administered Subcutaneously to Athymic Nude Rats.

Female athymic nude rats (; = 45; age, 6 wk) were used in an IACUC-approved protocol to investigate mechanisms and potential treatments associated with brain, spine, and spinal cord metastases from triple negative breast cancer. The analgesic plan included the use of buprenorphine SR LAB (0.6 mg/kg; 0.

Propensity for different vascular distributions and cerebral edema of intraparenchymal brain metastases from different primary cancers.

Purpose: This study seeks to ascertain whether different primary tumor types have a propensity for brain metastases (BMs) in different cerebral vascular territories and cerebral edema.

Methods: Consecutive adult patients who underwent surgical resection of a BM at a tertiary care institution between 2001 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Only patients with the most common primary cancers (lung, breast, skin-melanoma, colon, and kidney) were included.

The Study of Brain Tumor Stem Cell Invasion.

Ninety percent of deaths from solid tumors have been ascribed to the invasion and metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. One of the most fundamental prerequisites of brain tumor stem cell invasion is their ability to penetrate and traverse through the basement membrane and stromal compartments displacing from their original point of origin and repopulating at a distant site and adjacent tissue. In order to propose a successful clinical strategy, the investigation of the molecular determinants of invasion must factor in measurements and predictors of the complexity of brain tumor invasion potential accounting for the physiological scenarios encountered in the tumor niche.

Suspected Lonely Mouse Syndrome as a Cage Effect in a Drug Safety Study.

Studies have demonstrated that buprenorphine, a front line drug for veterinary analgesia, may alleviate symptoms of chronic pain. A cage side observation protocol was used to record behavioral signs in a mouse clinical trial of extended release buprenorphine. A retrospective review of the observations for signs of pain and stress revealed that mice given a fivefold overdose of buprenorphine (16.

[Comparison of results of open simple nephrectomy secondary to lithiasis in patients with and without nephrostomy].

Background: Simple nephrectomy is the procedure of choice in the treatment of excluded kidneys. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare surgical results in open simple retroperitoneal nephrectomies in patients with and without nephrostomy.

Methodology: 58 patients were analyzed.

Effects of primary and recurrent sacral chordoma on the motor and nociceptive function of hindlimbs in rats: an orthotopic spine model.

OBJECTIVE Chordoma is a slow-growing, locally aggressive cancer that is minimally responsive to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy and has high local recurrence rates after resection. Currently, there are no rodent models of spinal chordoma. In the present study, the authors sought to develop and characterize an orthotopic model of human chordoma in an immunocompromised rat.