A novel tool for predicting the dose distribution of non-sealed Re (Rhenium) resin in non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) patients.

Background: High-dose rate brachytherapy using a non-sealed Rhenium resin ( Re) is a recently approved treatment option for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The treatment goal is to deliver a personalized absorbed dose to the deepest point of neoplastic infiltration corresponding to the minimal target dose. The treatment consists of the application of a Re-based resin over a plastic foil placed on the target skin surface.

Basic of machine learning and deep learning in imaging for medical physicists.

The manuscript aims at providing an overview of the published algorithms/automation tool for artificial intelligence applied to imaging for Healthcare. A PubMed search was performed using the query string to identify the proposed approaches (algorithms/automation tools) for artificial intelligence (machine and deep learning) in a 5-year period. The distribution of manuscript in the various disciplines and the investigated image types according to the AI approaches are presented.

Alternative and New Radiopharmaceutical Agents for Lung Cancer.

Background: FDG PET/CT imaging has an established role in lung cancer (LC) management. Whilst it is a sensitive technique, FDG PET/CT has a limited specificity in the differentiation between LC and benign conditions and is not capable of defining LC heterogeneity since FDG uptake varies between histotypes.

Objective: To get an overview of new radiopharmaceuticals for the study of cancer biology features beyond glucose metabolism in LC.

Production of Ga-68 with a General Electric PETtrace cyclotron by liquid target.

Purpose: In recent years the use of Ga (t = 67.84 min, β: 88.88%) for the labelling of different PET radiopharmaceuticals has significantly increased.

Modeling of a Cyclotron Target for the Production of 11C with Geant4.

Background: In medical cyclotron facilities, 11C is produced according to the 14N(p,α)11C reaction and widely employed in studies of prostate and brain cancers by Positron Emission Tomography. It is known from literature that the 11C-target assembly shows a reduction in efficiency during time, meaning a decrease of activity produced at the end of bombardment. This effect might depend on aspects which are still not completely known.

Assessment of the neutron dose field around a biomedical cyclotron: FLUKA simulation and experimental measurements.

In the planning of a new cyclotron facility, an accurate knowledge of the radiation field around the accelerator is fundamental for the design of shielding, the protection of workers, the general public and the environment. Monte Carlo simulations can be very useful in this process, and their use is constantly increasing. However, few data have been published so far as regards the proper validation of Monte Carlo simulation against experimental measurements, particularly in the energy range of biomedical cyclotrons.

Radiation Protection Studies for Medical Particle Accelerators using Fluka Monte Carlo Code.

Radiation protection (RP) in the use of medical cyclotrons involves many aspects both in the routine use and for the decommissioning of a site. Guidelines for site planning and installation, as well as for RP assessment, are given in international documents; however, the latter typically offer analytic methods of calculation of shielding and materials activation, in approximate or idealised geometry set-ups. The availability of Monte Carlo (MC) codes with accurate up-to-date libraries for transport and interaction of neutrons and charged particles at energies below 250 MeV, together with the continuously increasing power of modern computers, makes the systematic use of simulations with realistic geometries possible, yielding equipment and site-specific evaluation of the source terms, shielding requirements and all quantities relevant to RP at the same time.