Abnormal placenta implantation. Integration between first- and third-trimester imaging in predicting the severity of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) disorders.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are pathological conditions correlated to a high risk of adverse maternal surgical outcomes, especially if not diagnosed. In the last 10 years, the literature interest for prenatal diagnosis of PAS disorders has been noticeably greater. More recently, significant progression in prenatal imaging techniques permitted an increase of early identified cases and a more accurate diagnosis of these anomalies, especially in women with multiple risk factors.

Role of lactoferrin in preventing preterm birth and pregnancy complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to report the role of lactoferrin supplementation for the prevention of preterm birth (PTB) in women at risk.

Evidence Acquisition: PubMed and Embase databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were studies exploring maternal and perinatal outcomes in women at high-risk for preterm birth receiving compared to those not receiving lactoferrin during pregnancy.

Role of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly at neurosonography: A multicenter study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the rate of additional anomalies detected exclusively at prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly undergoing neurosonography.

Method: Multicenter, retrospective, cohort study involving 20 referral fetal medicine centers in Italy, United Kingdom, Spain and Denmark. Inclusion criteria were fetuses affected by isolated severe ventriculomegaly (≥15 mm), defined as ventriculomegaly with normal karyotype and no other additional central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS anomalies on ultrasound.

Comparison between Cerebroplacental Ratio and Umbilicocerebral Ratio in Predicting Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Pregnancies Complicated by Late Fetal Growth Restriction: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The role of cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) or umbilicocerebral ratio (UCR) to predict adverse intrapartum and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by late fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains controversial.

Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study involving 5 referral centers in Italy and Spain, including singleton pregnancies complicated by late FGR, as defined by Delphi consensus criteria, with a scan 1 week prior to delivery. The primary objective was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the CPR and UCR for the prediction of a composite adverse outcome, defined as the presence of either an adverse intrapartum outcome (need for operative delivery/cesarean section for suspected fetal distress) or an adverse perinatal outcome (intrauterine death, Apgar score <7 at 5 min, arterial pH <7.

Induction of labor in late FGR.

Late-onset FGR is a peculiar condition characterized by the inability for the fetus to reach its growth potential diagnosed from 32 weeks of gestation. Placental insufficiency is among the leading causes of late FGR and is commonly due to a primary maternal cardiovascular non-adaptation potentially leading to fetal decompensation during labor especially once exposed to uterine hyperstimulation. Abnormalities that usually characterize late FGR include reduced fetal growth, decreased Amniotic Fluid Index, and loss of fetal heart rate variability at CTG.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and adverse pregnancy outcome.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and adverse pregnancy outcome.

Evidence Acquisition: Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched. The primary outcome was a composite score of adverse maternal outcome including either preterm birth (PTB), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pre-eclampsia (PE) or pregnancy induced hypertension, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, thromboembolic events or need for caesarean section (CS).

Outcome of fetal Vein Galen aneurysmal malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To report the outcome of fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of Vein of Galen (VOG) malformation.

Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched. Random effect meta-analysis of proportions was used to analyze the data.

Outcome of cesarean scar pregnancy according to gestational age at diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The association between the most severe types of placenta accreta spectrum disorders and caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) poses the question of whether early diagnosis may impact the clinical outcome of these anomalies. The aim of this study is to report the outcome of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) diagnosed in the early (≤9 weeks) versus late (>9 weeks) first trimester of pregnancy.

Study Design: Medline, Embase and Clinicaltrail.

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived submicron vesicles released under physiological or pathological conditions. EVs mediate the cellular crosstalk, thus contributing to defining the tumor microenvironment, including in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The available literature investigating the role of EVs in EOC has been reviewed following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on the role of EVs in early disease diagnosis, metastatic spread, and the development of chemoresistance in EOC.

Comparison between cerebroplacental ratio and umbilicocerebral ratio in predicting adverse perinatal outcome at term.

Objective: Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) has been associated with adverse perinatal outcome irrespective of fetal weight. More recently, it has been proposed that the ratio between umbilical and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index, the umbilicocerebral ratio (UCR) had a higher diagnostic accuracy compared to CPR in predicting adverse outcome. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of CPR and UCR in predicting adverse perinatal outcome in the third trimester of pregnancy.