Modulation of the intestinal mucosal and cell-mediated response against natural helminth infection in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus.

Fish gut is a versatile organ serving as the primary pathway for invasion by pathogens, particularly parasites, playing a crucial role in modulating the intestinal adaptive immune response. This study aimed to investigate the cellular-mediated reaction, mucosal acidity, and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD68 in the intestines of catfish, Clarias gariepinus, naturally infected with helminths. Forty catfish were collected from the Nile River and examined for intestinal parasites.

Combating the causative agent of amoebic keratitis, Acanthamoeba castellanii, using Padina pavonica alcoholic extract: toxicokinetic and molecular docking approaches.

Natural products play a significant role in providing the current demand as antiparasitic agents, which offer an attractive approach for the discovery of novel drugs. The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro the potential impact of seaweed Padina pavonica (P. pavonica) extract in combating Acanthamoeba castellanii (A.

Genetic relatedness and diversity of Capillaria species infecting bayad (Bagrus bajad) in upper Egypt.

Background: This study investigates the genetic characteristics of Capillaria isolates from the infected fish, Bagrus bajad, and their relation to human Capillaria philippinensis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis. Fifteen fish Capillaria were isolated and compared to identified human C. philippinensis using six primers: M-are, M-1, G-7, G-11, G-15, and G-18.

Assessment of cattle tick infestation: Molecular insights into Rhipicephalus annulatus and the efficacy of garlic oil and nanoemulsion as acaricidal agents.

Ticks, particularly Rhipicephalus annulatus, pose significant threats to livestock, causing economic losses and transmitting various infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the potential acaricidal properties of garlic oil and its nanoemulsion against ticks infesting cattle, Rhipicephalus annulatus through the evaluation of mortality rate and morphological changes of the treated ticks. The study also included prevalence, risk factors, and molecular confirmation of tick species.

Nanocurcumin: A Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Experimental Trichinellosis.

In our pursuit of an alternative drug against Trichinella spiralis, we assessed the effectiveness of nanocurcumin in alleviating pathogenesis, parasitological factors, MMP-9 levels, and its expression in the enteral and parenteral phases of infection. The nanocurcumin particles, with a spherical shape and a size of 100 ± 20 nm, were used in the study. Eighty mice were divided into four groups: the control group, the untreated infected group, the nanocurcumin-treated group, and the albendazole-treated group.

Cytotoxicity and immunological impact of Trypanosoma sp. infection on blood parameters of wild African catfish, Clarias gariepinus.

Fish trypanosomiasis is a common blood parasitic disease transmitted by aquatic invertebrates, such as leeches. This study aims to shed light on the cytotoxicity of Trypanosoma sp. on erythrocytes and its impacts on the innate immune response (serum lysozyme activity, nitric oxide production, phagocytic activity, serum total protein, and globulin) in wild African catfish, Clarias gariepinus.

The Efficiency of Schistosoma mansoni Crude Antigens in Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein, Apoptosis, and Lysosomal Activity: An Immunohistochemical Study.

The adverse impact of schistosomiasis on tissues is considered in generating a schistosomal vaccine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Schistosoma mansoni crude antigens as a therapeutic and prophylactic formulation in the inhibition of heat shock protein, apoptosis, and CD3/CD20 expression in a liver and spleen mouse models using the immunohistochemistry method. A total of 65 mice were divided into five groups: (i) infected untreated group (G1), (ii) therapeutic treated group (G2) with egg soluble egg antigen (SEA), and soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP), (iii) prophylactically treated group (G3) with cercarial antigen preparation (CAP), (iv) combined treated group with three antigens (G4), and (v) control group (G5).

New host record, (Bufonidae) for (Rhabdiasidae, Kuzmin, 2001) based on molecular and morphological evidence.

With diversity of hosts range, most identified nematode species still lack the crucial connection between morphological and molecular make-up, which is important for precisely classifying the specimens. The present study provides the complete description of in the new host record, . Fifty toad specimens were collected, and a high prevalence of infection (74%) was observed.

Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.

Background: Acanthamoeba spp. are one of the free-living amoeba that spread worldwide causing keratitis. Owing to the increase in the use of lenses, whether for medical or cosmetic purposes, the incidence of disease increases every year.

Endocrine, Stemness, Proliferative, and Proteolytic Properties of Alarm Cells in Ruby-Red-Fin Shark (Rainbow Shark), (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).

The current study investigated the morphological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of alarm cells and their precursors in ruby-red-fin shark (rainbow shark), Epalzeorhynchos frenatum (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Precursor alarm cells were shown to be small, cuboidal, pyramidal, or round in shape, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, resting on the basement membrane of the epidermis. The cells later elongated to become columnar in shape.

Investigation on Parasites and Some Causes of Mortality in Captive Punjab urial (), Pakistan.

Background: The present study was conducted in Jul 2019 and Jan 2020 in two wildlife parks of the Nowshera district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, where the endangered Punjab urial () is successfully bred in captivity. We determined diversity of internal and external parasites that take advantage of the situation of congestion, resulting in massive mortalities of wild animals in captivity.

Methods: Internal parasites of living urial were determined by direct wet smear and flotation methods, while dead urial was necropsied for any pertaining observation.

Hydrolytic bacteria associated with natural helminth infection in the midgut of Red Sea marbled spinefoot rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus.

Fish infected with intestinal helminths or pathogenic bacteria can pose a serious risk of foodborne disease, threatening human and animal health, and require high attention. The current study investigates the diversity and composition of the microbiota in the midgut of rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus naturally infected with helminths. Six species of helminth parasites, including the digeneans Hexangium sigani and Gyliauchen volubilis, the acanthocephalans Sclerocollum rubrimaris and Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus, and the nematodes Procammalanus elatensis, and Ascaridoid larvae were recorded in the fish intestine.

An Insight into the Potential Parasitological Effect of Antigens in Infected Mice: Prophylactic Role of Cercarial Antigen.

Schistosomiasis is a multifactorial disease that includes environmental, behavioral, parasitic, vector, and host factors. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of single and polyvalent antigens from cercarial antigen preparations (CAPs), soluble worm antigen preparations (SWAPs), and soluble egg antigens (SEAs) which were used as candidate vaccines in an experimental model of Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. The efficiency of the antigens was tested by determining their effects on fecal egg count, egg viability analysis, and tissue egg counts.

Protozoan and helminthes parasites endorsed by imported camels () to Egypt.

The prevalence and species spectrum of some blood and intestinal parasites affecting imported camels was studied on a total of 120 clinically suspected camels (males) imported to Egypt from Sudan during the period from January till July 2016 in Abu-Simbel quarantine station, Aswan governorate. Blood and fecal samples were collected from all camels under the study. The fecal samples were collected and examined by sedimentation-floatation techniques for detection of parasitic eggs/oocysts.

Evaluation and Microanalysis of Parasitic and Bacterial Agents of Egyptian Fresh Sushi, .

The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of fresh sushi in Egypt. Fifty samples of sushi (Salmo salar) were collected from restaurants in Alexandria, Egypt. Paraffin, semi-thin and ultra-thin sections were used for parasitological analysis by light and transmission electron microscopy.

The protective role of quince leaf extract against the adverse impacts of ultraviolet--a radiation on some tissues of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822).

In the present study the protective role of quince leaf extract against the adverse impacts of ultraviolet radiation-A (UVA) on some tissues of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) was considered. Fishes were classified into four groups: control, UVR-treated group (for 3days/for 3h/day), UVR-treated group (for 3days/for 3h/day) with adding 10ml of quince extract, and UVR-treated group (for 3days/for 3h/day) with adding 20ml of quince leaf extract. Blood smears and sections of the liver, and skin were processed routinely for H & E paraffin embedding technique.