Feasibility of Brain Ultrasound Performed by Nurses in the Evaluation of Newborns Who Are HIV Exposed in Utero and Uninfected: A Pilot Study in Botswana.

Background: Children who are exposed to HIV in utero but are uninfected (HIV-exposed uninfected or HEU) are at higher risk of neurodevelopmental delays compared to children born to persons without HIV. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have revealed differences in grey matter volumes, cerebral perfusion, and white matter changes in these children. However, MRI is costly and not widely available in areas with high HIV prevalence, like Botswana, where more than 15% of children are HEU.

An examination of characteristics, social supports, caregiver resilience and hospital readmissions of children with medical complexity.

Background: Children with medical complexity (CMC) account for 1% of children in the United States. These children experience frequent hospital readmissions, high healthcare costs and poor health outcomes. A link between CMC caregiver social support, resilience and hospital readmissions has never been fully investigated.

The effect of activity and face masks on exhaled particles in children.

Importance: Despite the high burden of respiratory infections among children, the production of exhaled particles during common activities and the efficacy of face masks in children have not been sufficiently studied.

Objective: To determine the effect of type of activity and mask usage on exhaled particle production in children.

Methods: Healthy children were asked to perform activities that ranged in intensity (breathing quietly, speaking, singing, coughing, and sneezing) while wearing no mask, a cloth mask, or a surgical mask.

Inadequate Oxygen Delivery Dose and Major Adverse Events in Critically Ill Children With Sepsis.

Background: The inadequate oxygen delivery (IDo2) index is used to estimate the probability that a patient is experiencing inadequate systemic delivery of oxygen. Its utility in the care of critically ill children with sepsis is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between IDo2 dose and major adverse events, illness severity metrics, and outcomes among critically ill children with sepsis.

Utilizing high-fidelity simulation to improve newly licensed pediatric intensive care unit nurses' experiences with end-of-life care.

Purpose: New pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) nurses face distinct challenges in transitioning from the protected world of academia to postlicensure clinical practice; one of their greatest challenges is how to support children and their caregivers at the end-of-life (EOL). The purpose of this quality improvement project was to create, implement, and assess the efficacy of a high-fidelity EOL simulation, utilizing the "Debriefing with Good Judgment" debriefing model.

Design And Methods: Participants were nurses with 4 years or less of PICU experience from a 404-bed quaternary care, free-standing children's hospital in the northeastern United States.

Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteremia in Young Children Hospitalized With Pneumonia in Bangladesh Is Associated With a High Mortality Rate.

Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of sepsis and mortality in children under 5 years. However, our understanding of the causes of bacteremia in children with pneumonia is limited.

Methods: We characterized risk factors for bacteremia and death in a cohort of children admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) between 2014 and 2017 with radiographically confirmed pneumonia.

Dihydroergotamine infusion for pediatric refractory headache: A retrospective chart review.

Background: Headaches are a common symptom in children. Children with refractory headaches may be admitted for inpatient treatment with intravenous dihydroergotamine mesylate (DHE). However, very few studies have characterized these patients and their treatment outcomes using validated, self-reported, pain scales.

Validation of the Hospital Asthma Severity Score (HASS) in children ages 2-18 years old.

Introduction: The Hospital Asthma Severity Score (HASS) was developed to communicate inpatient asthma severity between providers. The purpose of this prospective study was to validate the HASS against the Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure (PRAM) and spirometry for assessment of inpatient asthma exacerbation severity in patients 2-18 years old, at a single point-in-time.

Methods: This study was registered with clinicaltrials.

Experience with implementation of a nurse practitioner-led newborn circumcision clinic.

Introduction/background: The Nurse Practitioner (NP)-Led Newborn Circumcision Clinic (NCC), developed in 2016, provides clamp-style circumcision to newborns without general anesthesia. There is a paucity of research regarding outcomes, satisfaction, and the cost benefit of such NP-led clinics.

Objective: The purpose of this descriptive study was to describe the impact of the NCC including family satisfaction, clinical and demographic characteristics, and cost.

Pediatric nurses' perceptions of preparedness for global health fieldwork.

Objectives: The purpose of this qualitative descriptive research study was to understand the current state, perceived content, and experiential needs of pediatric nurses preparing for global health (GH) fieldwork experience. This study aimed to inform stakeholders about the standard and unique preparation needs of pediatric GH nurses.

Study Design And Methods: One group and five individual interviews were held with nurses from a large pediatric quaternary care facility in the Northeast United States.