Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a heterogeneous condition associated with increased cardiovascular risk. There is growing evidence from experimental, translational, and clinical investigations that has suggested that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with prevalent and incident components of MS and MS itself. The biological plausibility is supportive, primarily related to one of the main features of OSA, namely intermittent hypoxia: increased sympathetic activation with hemodynamic repercussions, increased hepatic glucose output, insulin resistance through adipose tissue inflammation, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, hyperlipidemia through the worsening of fasting lipid profiles, and the reduced clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on atrial remodeling and diastolic dysfunction of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: a randomized study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment on heart remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods: This study is a prespecified analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial that enrolled patients with a recent diagnosis of MS and moderate-to-severe OSA to undergo continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or nasal dilators (placebo) for 6 months. Patients were invited to perform a transthoracic echocardiogram by a single investigator blinded to treatment assignment.

Effects of CPAP on Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With OSA: A Randomized Trial.

Background: OSA is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), but it is unclear whether OSA treatment with CPAP can revert MS.

Research Question: Does OSA treatment with CPAP per se have effects on the MS reversibility and the associated metabolic, adiposity and vascular parameters?

Study Design And Methods: The TREATOSA-MS trial is a randomized placebo-controlled trial that enrolled adult patients with a recent diagnosis of MS and moderate or severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], ≥ 15 events/h) to undergo therapeutic CPAP or nasal dilator strips (placebo group) for 6 months. Before and after each intervention, we measured anthropometric variables, BP, glucose, and lipid profile.

Performance of NoSAS score versus Berlin questionnaire for screening obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with resistant hypertension.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the main secondary form associated with resistant hypertension (RH), but it is largely underdiagnosed and consequently undertreated in clinical practice. The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) is a useful tool among general population, but seems to not perform well among patients with RH. Recently, NoSAS score was validated in a large population, however, has not been tested in the cardiovascular scenario.