Psychological Features of Fibromyalgia in the Psychological Health Services.

Patients with health pathologies may exhibit psychological features in addition to medical symptomatology. A sample of 76 Italian women with an age range between 23 and 78 years old (mean = 50.22 ± 10.

Auto-Global Examination of Mental State (Auto-GEMS): a web-based self-administered cognitive screening.

Recent methodological developments have contributed to a significant advance in computerised neuropsychological instruments and procedures, including those accessible from remote. In this paper we present Auto-GEMS, a newly developed, web-based, self-administered screening test allowing to quickly estimate an individual's cognitive state also considering their cognitive reserve. Auto-GEMS measures cognitive functioning on eleven items similarly to the in-person paper-and-pencil version (GEMS) and to the remote (phone or video call) version (Tele-GEMS) of the same screening.

Cognitive reserve modulates mental health in adulthood.

Cognitive Reserve (CR) reflects acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities throughout life, and it is known for modulating cognitive efficiency in healthy and clinical populations. CR, which was initially proposed to explain individual differences in the clinical presentation of dementia, has subsequently been extended to healthy ageing, showing its role in cognitive efficiency also during middle age. Recently, CR has been linked to affective processes in psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, major depressive and anxiety symptoms, and psychological distress, suggesting its potential role in emotional expression and regulation.

Cognitive reserve proxies for individuals with intellectual developmental disability: A scoping review.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) has not been studied in people with Intellectual Developmental Disability, a population with a high incidence of dementia. Commonly adopted CR proxies should be adapted to reflect more specifically the experiences of people with Intellectual Developmental Disability.

Method: This scoping review intended to identify CR proxies relevant to people with this condition.

Relationship between lifestyle proxies of cognitive reserve and cortical regions in older adults.

Introduction: With the rapid increase in the population over 65 years old, research on healthy aging has become one of the priorities in the research community, looking for a cost-effective method to prevent or delay symptoms of mild cognitive disorder or dementia. Studies indicate that cognitive reserve theory could be beneficial in this regard. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between lifestyle socio-behavioral proxies of cognitive reserve and cortical regions in adults with no subjective cognitive decline.

The Telephone Language Screener (TLS): standardization of a novel telephone-based screening test for language impairment.

Background: This study aimed at developing and standardizing the Telephone Language Screener (TLS), a novel, disease-nonspecific, telephone-based screening test for language disorders.

Methods: The TLS was developed in strict pursuance to the current psycholinguistic standards. It comprises nine tasks assessing phonological, lexical-semantic and morpho-syntactic components, as well as an extra Backward Digit Span task.

Over ninety years old: Does high cognitive reserve still help brain efficiency?

Nonagenarians and centenarians, also called oldest-old, are a very heterogeneous population that counts a limited number of individuals as it is a real challenge to reach this goal. Even if it is well known that cognitive reserve can be considered a factor in maintaining good cognitive functioning in ageing, only very few studies have been carried out on the role of cognitive reserve (CR) in the oldest-old people. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive reserve and cognitive functioning in a population living in a specific region of Italy, the Blue Zone in Sardinia.

Clinical Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Reserve and Motor Impairment along Disease Duration.

(i) Background: Cognitive impairment in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been studied in relation to certain clinical variables (e.g., motor disability and disease duration) and lifestyle factors such as cognitive reserve (CR).

s-CRIq: the online short version of the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire.

Background: The wide use of the term Cognitive Reserve (CR) is in need of a clear and shared definition of its concept and of the development of new tools, quick and easy to use and updated for the people of today. This study describes the online short CRIq (s-CRIq), the new shorter version of the CRIq, following an item analysis revision, and compares the data distribution of different samples.

Methods: The s-CRIq was administered online to 435 people while another 440 filled out the s-CRIq in self-administration.

Cognitive Reserve Potential: Capturing Cognitive Resilience Capability in Adolescence.

Cognitive reserve (CR) represents the adaptive response of the cognitive system responsible for preserving normal functioning in the face of brain damage. Experiential factors such as education, occupation, and leisure activities influence the development of CR. Theoretically, such factors build up from childhood and across adulthood.

Tele-Global Examination of Mental State (Tele-GEMS): an open tool for the remote neuropsychological screening.

Tele-neuropsychology, i.e., the application of remote audio-visual technologies to neuropsychological evaluation or rehabilitation, has become increasingly popular and widespread during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sexual Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Executive Function.

Cognitive impairment and sexual dysfunction are common symptoms in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The present study focuses on the relationship between these two dimensions by means of a specific assessment commonly used in clinical practice with this population. Fifty-five persons with a diagnosis of MS underwent specific cognitive tests and answered clinical questionnaires.

How long have you exercised in your life? The effect of motor reserve and current physical activity on cognitive performance.

Objectives: Aging of the population encourages research on how to preserve cognition and quality of life. Many studies have shown that (PA) positively affects cognition in older adults. However, PA carried out throughout the individual's lifespan may also have an impact on cognition in old age.

Long term effects of severe acquired brain injury: A follow-up investigation on the role of cognitive reserve on cognitive outcomes.

In a recent study we showed that Cognitive Reserve (CR) did not significantly predict the neuropsychological outcomes of patients with severe Acquired Brain Injury (sABI), after a rehabilitation program. The present study aims to extend the previous results by assessing the role of CR on long-term neuropsychological outcomes of a subgroup ( = 27) of that same population. Patients took part in a telephone interview, where Tele-Global Examination Mental State (Tele-GEMS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS-E) were administered.

Presurgical predictors of early cognitive outcome after brain tumor resection in glioma patients.

Gliomas are commonly characterized by neurocognitive deficits that strongly impact patients' and caregivers' quality of life. Surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy, and it can also cause cognitive impairment. An important clinical problem is whether patients who undergo surgery will show post-surgical cognitive impairment above and beyond that present before surgery.

The Italian telephone-based Verbal Fluency Battery (t-VFB): standardization and preliminary clinical usability evidence.

Background: This study aimed at standardizing and providing preliminary evidence on the clinical usability of the Italian telephone-based Verbal Fluency Battery (t-VFB), which includes phonemic (t-PVF), semantic (t-SVF) and alternate (t-AVF) verbal fluency tasks.

Methods: Three-hundred and thirty-five Italian healthy participants (HPs; 140 males; age = 18-96 years; education = 4-23 years) and 27 individuals with neurodegenerative or cerebrovascular diseases were administered the t-VFB. Switch number and cluster size were computed latent semantic analyses.

Eye-to-Hand Coordination in Obstructive Sleep APNEA Syndrome: a Descriptive Study.

Objective: Psychomotor slowdown was observed in individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Previous studies evaluated separately cognitive and motor reaction times, finding that OSAS individuals show a specific impairment in the latter. The present study investigates whether eye-to-hand coordination (EHC), a specific psychomotor ability, is compromised in OSAS.

Telephone-based Frontal Assessment Battery (t-FAB): standardization for the Italian population and clinical usability in neurological diseases.

Background: Despite the relevance of telephone-based cognitive screening tests in clinical practice and research, no specific test assessing executive functioning is available. The present study aimed at standardizing and providing evidence of clinical usability for the Italian telephone-based Frontal Assessment Battery (t-FAB).

Methods: The t-FAB (ranging 0-12), comprising two subtests, has two versions: one requiring motor responses (t-FAB-M) and the other verbal responses (t-FAB-V).

Italian telephone-based Mini-Mental State Examination (Itel-MMSE): item-level psychometric properties.

Background: The Italian telephone-based Mini-Mental State Examination (Itel-MMSE), despite being psychometrically sound, has shown relevant ceiling effects, which may negatively impact the interpretation of its scores. In address to overcome such an issue, this study aimed at providing item-level insights on the Itel-MMSE through Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses.

Methods: Five-hundred and sixty-seven healthy Italian adults (227 males, 340 females; mean age: 51 ± 17 years, range 18-96; mean education: 13.

Protective factors for subjective cognitive decline individuals: trajectories and changes in a longitudinal study with Italian elderly.

Background And Purpose: Many different factors have been hypothesized to modulate cognition in an aging population according to their functioning at baseline.

Methods: This retrospective study quantifies the relative contribution of age and sex as demographic factors, comorbidity, education and occupation (classified with the International Standard Classification of Occupation 2008) as cognitive reserve proxies in accounting for cognitive aging. All participants (3081) were evaluated at baseline with a complete neuropsychological test battery (T1) and those with unimpaired profiles were classified as subjective cognitive decline, those mildly impaired as mild neurocognitive decline and those severely impaired as major neurocognitive decline.

Heterogeneity of effects of cognitive reserve on performance in probable Alzheimer's disease and in subjective cognitive decline.

Objective: Cognitive reserve (CR) is a term used to describe the adaptability of cognitive processes to brain changes. It helps to explain the different cognitive adaptation to daily functioning in aging individuals and in individuals with brain pathology: a higher CR is associated with a delay in the manifestation of cognitive symptoms. CR is estimated using different proxies, such as education, cognitively stimulating life experiences, premorbid intelligence quotient (IQ), and vocabulary size.

Heterogeneity and Factorial Structure in Alzheimer's Disease: A Cognitive Perspective.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients show heterogeneous cognitive profiles which suggest the existence of cognitive subgroups. A deeper comprehension of this heterogeneity could contribute to move toward a precision medicine perspective.

Objective: In this study, we aimed 1) to investigate AD cognitive heterogeneity as a product of the combination of within- (factors) and between-patients (sub-phenotypes) components, and 2) to promote its assessment in clinical practice by defining a small set of critical tests for this purpose.