A Practical Guide to Trauma Resuscitation - Recommendations for Managing Hemorrhagic Shock in the Rural Healthcare Setting.

Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in individuals under the age of 45 and hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death within hours of presentation. This review article on adult trauma resuscitation is intended to be a practical guide for critical access centers. This is accomplished by discussing the pathophysiology and management of hemorrhagic shock.

Assessment of the effect of colored beverage on gastric returns after gastric tube replacement to enhance placement verification.

Background: Verification of appropriate placement of newly replaced gastrostomy tubes is essential prior to use to avoid potentially serious adverse events.

Problem: A lack of standardized guidance regarding effective and practical means to verify placement exists. Aspiration or drainage of gastric-like contents is one mean suggested to help determine placement, yet when returns are minimal, this becomes challenging.

Retrospective Cohort Study to Evaluate the Analgesic Effectiveness of Liposomal Bupivacaine for Renal Transplant Recipients.

Effective postoperative pain control is an essential component for all patients having a surgical procedure. Given the chronicity of care needed by chronic renal failure patients, providing them excellent pain control during their perioperative transplant period is imperative. Different forms of local anesthetics are available and our purpose was to determine whether liposomal bupivacaine reduces post-operative pain levels better than catheter directed administration of 0.

Case Report: Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Biliary Tract.

The present case report describes intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the biliary tract (IPMN-BT), a rare neoplasm of the biliary tract that is described as the biliary counterpart of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMN-P). The importance of appropriate diagnosis and awareness of the clinical manifestations is highlighted. IPMN-BT has a more favorable prognosis and is easier to resect than other forms of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas; therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is required for planning of the best treatment strategies for this neoplasm.