Pediatric pharmacogenetics: profiling CYP2C8 polymorphisms at King Abdulaziz University Dental Clinic.

Objectives: Ibuprofen, a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) for managing pain and inflammation in pediatric patients, is metabolized by the CYP2C8 enzyme. Studies suggest that the , , and variations of the gene diminish ibuprofen metabolism, increasing the risk of adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the , , and alleles and genotypes in a pediatric population attending the King Abdulaziz University dental clinic and compare our findings to those of other populations.

The use of DryShield versus rubber dam isolation systems among pediatric patients with different airway patency: A randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the impact of DryShield isolation (DSI) and rubber dam isolation (RDI) system usage on vital signs, behavior, pain and discomfort, and chairside time required among children with different airway patencies based on the Modified Mallampati Classification (MMC).

Material And Methods: Healthy, cooperative children who required fissure sealant in at least two contralateral, fully erupted, permanent first molars were included. Airway patency was determined by two trained and calibrated dentists using the MMC.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of faculty and postgraduates toward Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure in dental care.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used in resin-based dental materials and is categorised as an endocrine-disrupting compound. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the use of BPA among faculty members and postgraduate students. In this descriptive study, a validated self-administered questionnaire was used, and 204 dentists were included, with a response rate of 56.

Developmental Disturbance in Premolars After Intraligamental Anesthesia Using Computer-Controlled Local Anesthesia Delivery System: An-Eight-Years Follow-Up Study in Children.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of developmental disturbances in permanent second premolars in which their tooth buds were exposed to mandibular intraligamental anesthesia (ILA) using a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system (CCLAD). Materials and methods This was a longitudinal follow-up study conducted in a previous randomized clinical trial (RCT). In the previous RCT, a total of 91 children were included (61 control and 30 cases).

Perception of Pain With Bitewing, DIAGNOcam, and Teeth Separation Amongst Children.

Background: This study evaluated the pain and discomfort associated with 3 diagnostic techniques for proximal carious lesions in children aged 5 to 8 years: bitewing (BW) radiographs, DIAGNOcam, and temporary teeth separation.

Methods: The study included 60 healthy children between the ages of 5 and 8 years who had no prior history of dry mouth or mouth breathing, were definitely positive or positive based on Frankl Behavioral Rating Scale, had at least one pair of matched bilateral primary molars and/or permanent first molars in close contact with the adjacent tooth, and were free of restorations and frank cavitation. Each patient evaluated all 3 techniques.

The Effect of Using a Camouflaged Dental Syringe on Children's Anxiety and Behavioral Pain.

Background: Seeing a dental syringe can be terrifying, especially for young children, and hiding it during local anesthesia (LA) administration can sometimes be challenging for the pediatric dentist.

Objective: To assess the effect of a camouflaged dental syringe on children's anxiety and behavioral pain in comparison to the traditional dental syringe during local anesthesia administration in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: This randomized clinical trial included cooperative and healthy 6- to 10-year-old children scheduled for non-urgent dental treatment that required buccal infiltration anesthesia (BIA) in the maxillary arch.

Preference for Comprehensive Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia among Parents with Previous Experience: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to assess whether parents of children who previously received comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) would prefer comprehensive dental treatment under GA over regular dental care if any of their other children required comprehensive dental treatment. In this cross-sectional study, parents of children who met the inclusion criteria were interviewed by a trained pediatric resident about parental-related factors as well as their satisfaction with their previous GA experience. Also, the factors related to the previously treated child were obtained from dental records.

Dental manifestation and management in a patient with combined pituitary hormone deficiency: a two-year case report.

Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is a rare disorder caused by a complete absence of the anterior pituitary gland hormones. The Dental manifestation, managmnet and two-year-follow-up of a case of a 12-year-old patient with CPHD is reported in this paper. A 12-year-old male patient with medical history of congenital CPHD and vitamin D deficiency presented for dental treatment.

Effect of Light-Curable Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish on Non-Cavitated Proximal Caries Lesions in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The purpose of this study was to radiographically and clinically assess, after six and twelve months, the additive effect of light-curable resin-modified glass ionomer (LCRMGI) varnish on preventive standard-of-care measures (sodium fluoride varnish, oral hygiene instructions, and dietary counseling) for the treatment of non-cavitated proximal carious lesions in primary molars. This prospective, split-mouth, randomized clinical trial recruited 5-8-year-old children with at least one pair of bilateral non-cavitated proximal carious lesions in the enamel or outer third of the dentin. The lesions were randomized into one of two groups: experimental (which received LCRMGI varnish with the preventive standard-of-care measures) or control (which received the preventive standard-of-care measure).

The effect of virtual reality distraction on anxiety level during dental treatment among anxious pediatric patients: a randomized clinical trial.

This study evaluated the effect of Virtual Reality Distraction (VRD) on dental anxiety among anxious children undergoing prophylactic dental treatment by utilizing both subjective (Venham Anxiety and Behavioral Rating Scale (VABRS)) and objective (heart rate (HR) and salivary cortisol level (SCL)) measures. This randomized controlled study included 36 (6- to 14-year-old) healthy and anxious children who needed prophylactic dental treatment and had a history of previous dental treatment. The eligible children's anxiety level was evaluated using a modified version of the Abeer Dental Anxiety Scale-Arabic version (M-ACDAS) and those who scored at least 14 or more out of 21 were included.

A literature review of clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of Isolite and DryShield dental isolation systems among pediatric patients.

This review aims to summarize and analyze previous studies that evaluated the clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of Isolite System Isolation (ISI) and DryShield System Isolation (DSI) and compare them to other forms of isolation during dental treatment in children. Both authors independently searched engines using the keywords "Isolite", "Vacuum", "DryShield" and their combinations in March 2022. The inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed articles written in English and clinical trials that assessed the clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of ISI or DSI during dental treatment on healthy unaffected children and compared it to other isolation systems such as rubber dam and cotton roll.

Clinical Effects of Dental Caries on the Quality of Life of Paediatric Patients Aged 8-10 Years: Utilisation of the PUFA Index.

Purpose: Saudi children have poor oral health; however, little data are available on the effects of dental caries and its clinical complications on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in school-aged children. This study evaluated the impact of caries and its clinical effects on the OHRQoL of a sample of 8- to 10-year-old children attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital.

Materials And Methods: The following variables were assessed for each child: sociodemographic data, OHRQoL using an Arabic-validated Child Perception Questionnaire for 8- to 10-year-old children (CPQ8-10), and two global health rating questions.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Children in Saudi Arabia: A Mixed-Methods Study.

(1) Background: In 2020, there seems to have been a global shift in lifestyle and eating habits with the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the ensuing lockdowns implemented by national governments. This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on SSBs consumption among healthy 6-11 years old children in Saudi Arabia; (2) Methods: This is a mixed-methods study, incorporating a quantitative component, which was a validated Arabic online questionnaire completed by parents, and a qualitative component, involving structured interviews with 10 selected parents using a criterion sampling method; (3) Results: There was a small decrease in consumption reported during lockdown across all SSBs types (soft drinks, n = 58 (13.9%); juices: n = 115 (27.

Patient Satisfaction with Resin Infiltration Treatment for Masking Noncavitated White Spot Lesions on Anterior Maxillary Teeth: Two Case Reports.

Aim: We assessed patient satisfaction with resin infiltration treatment outcomes for masking postorthodontic treatment noncavitated white spot lesions on anterior maxillary teeth.

Background: White spot lesions (WSLs) are opaque white areas of demineralization. The lesion may remineralize over time, but the opaque color usually remains, retaining the undesirable tooth color.

Prevalence and Parental Attitude Toward Nitrous-Oxide and Papoose-Board Use in Two Dental Referral Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Parental preferences and attitudes strongly influence dentists' choices for managing children's behavior in clinics. This study aimed to assess parental attitudes toward two behavior management technique (BMTs)-nitrous oxide (N2O) sedation and/or protective passive stabilization by papoose board (PB)-before and after their children received dental treatment at two referral centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Participants were parents of healthy children who required dental treatment under N2O and/or PB over an 18-month period.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of triple antibiotic paste pulp therapy compared to Vitapex pulpectomy in non-vital primary molars.

Objectives: This study compared and evaluated the clinical and radiographic efficacy of non-instrumentation triple antibiotic paste pulp therapy and Vitapex pulpectomy in non-vital primary molars.

Material And Methods: Healthy, 5-9 years old children with at least one non-vital primary molar were included in the study. Molars were divided into two groups based on the subject's cooperation level.

Knowledge, perception, and confidence of hospital pharmacists toward pharmacogenetics in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Integrating pharmacogenetics (PGx) testing into clinical practice leads to personalized medicine, which improves treatments' efficacy and safety. Successful implementation of such a service requires sufficient knowledge, perception, and self-confidence among healthcare providers, especially pharmacists.

Objectives: To evaluate governmental hospital pharmacists' knowledge, perception, and self-confidence toward PGx testing in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms (C677T, and A1298C) among Saudi children receiving dental treatment.

Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, the encoded by the gene, plays a crucial role in converting the amino acid homocysteine to methionine. Two polymorphisms of the gene, C677T and A1298C, reportedly reduce enzyme activity, resulting in hyperhomocysteinemia. Patients with C677T and A1298C polymorphisms may be at higher risk for developing abnormal hyperhomocysteinemia, which has been linked to catastrophic neurological including fatal outcomes.

The effect of DentalVibe on pain and discomfort during local anesthesia in children: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of using DentalVibe during injection in comparison with the traditional injection technique, regarding pain and discomfort associated with buccal infiltration anesthesia (BIA) in pediatric patients. Method and materials: This randomized clinical trial included 6- to 12-year-old healthy children currently receiving nonurgent dental treatment on the maxillary arch that required BIA. In the control group, subjects received traditional BIA.

Relationship of Lower Lingual Arch Appliance Use and Impaction of Second Molars: A Retrospective Study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of permanent mandibular second molar impaction in pediatric patients treated with a lower lingual holding arch (LLHA) to maintain lower arch perimeter. In this retrospective study, 259 radiographs of nine- to 17-year-old pediatric patients were examined for permanent mandibular second molar impaction. A total of 127 patients with LLHA were compared to a control group of 132 patients who had not received LLHA.

The effect of brushing with Salvadora persica (miswak) sticks on salivary Streptococcus mutans and plaque levels in children: a clinical trial.

Background: The aim of the randomized double-blinded clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of tooth brushing with Salvadora persica (miswak) sticks on Streptococcus mutans count and the mean plaque score relative to brushing with fluoridated tooth paste (FTP).

Methods: Our sample included 94 healthy, high caries-risk, 8 to 9-year-old students recruited from a government school, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between February and April 2016. Subjects were randomly grouped into test (provided with miswak sticks) and control groups (provided with FTP and soft brushes).

Parental acceptance of the utilization of silver diamine fluoride on their child's primary and permanent teeth.

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an effective caries control agent. The aim of our study was to investigate the parental acceptance of the utilization of SDF on their child's primary and permanent teeth and to determine the factors that influence their decision-making. This descriptive cross-sectional study included parents of healthy children aged 12 years and younger and currently receiving dental treatment.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Restorative, Orthodontic, and Pediatric Departments' Members toward Bisphenol A Dental Exposures.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of Restorative, Orthodontic, and Pediatric Dentistry Departments' members at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, toward bisphenol A (BPA) dental exposure.

Materials And Methods: A survey was pretested for face and content validity. It included ten knowledge-, four attitude-, and five behavior-based items.

Radiographic Effectiveness of Resin Infiltration in Arresting Incipient Proximal Enamel Lesions in Primary Molars.

Purpose: The purpose of this split-mouth, randomized, prospective clinical trial was to evaluate radiographically the effectiveness of resin infiltration, as an adjunct to standard-of-care preventive measures compared to standard-of-care preventive measures alone, in arresting the progression of non-adjacent, incipient, proximal enamel lesions in primary molars 24 months after treatment.

Methods: The study included a total of 45 healthy five- to eight-year-olds who had been diagnosed radiographically with at least two non-adjacent, incipient, proximal enamel lesions in primary molars (90 lesions). Test group lesions were treated using resin infiltration followed by five percent topical sodium fluoride (NaF) application versus five percent NaF alone in the control group.