Background: The independent and interrelated long-term effects of the exposome such as air pollution, greenness, and ambient temperature on lung function are not well understood, yet relevant in the light of climate change.
Methods: Pre-bronchodilation FEV1 from five mature birth cohorts (N = 4724) and three adult cohorts (N = 6052) from five European countries were used to assess cross-sectional associations with air pollution, greenness, and ambient temperature, assigned to their residential address. All two-way interactions and square terms were a priori included in building the final elastic net regression model.
Background: Some studies have revealed various sleep patterns in adolescents and adults using multidimensional objective sleep parameters. However, it remains unknown whether these patterns are consistent from adolescence to young adulthood and how they relate to long-term obesity.
Methods: Seven-day accelerometry was conducted in German Infant Study on the influence of Nutrition Intervention PLUS environmental and genetic influences on allergy development (GINIplus) and Influence of Lifestyle factors on the development of the Immune System and Allergies in East and West Germany (LISA) birth cohorts during the 15-year and 20-year follow-ups, respectively.
There is no doubt that global warming, with its extreme heat events, is having an increasing impact on human health. Heat is not independent of ambient temperature but acts synergistically with relative humidity (RH) to increase the risk of several diseases, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Although the skin is the organ in direct contact with the environment, it is currently unknown whether skin health is similarly affected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: There are few long-term studies of respiratory health effects of landscape fires, despite increasing frequency and intensity due to climate change. We investigated the association between exposure to coal mine fire PM and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentration 7.5 years later.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated the association between air pollutants and asthma prevalence in male and female Japanese adults. In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, annual mean exposure levels of air pollutants, specifically nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition and prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 71 associated loci. In the current study we conducted the largest AD GWAS to date (discovery N = 1,086,394, replication N = 3,604,027), combining previously reported cohorts with additional available data. We identified 81 loci (29 novel) in the European-only analysis (which all replicated in a separate European analysis) and 10 additional loci in the multi-ancestry analysis (3 novel).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Allergic diseases often develop jointly during early childhood but differ in timing of onset, remission, and progression. Their disease course over time is often difficult to predict and determinants are not well understood.
Objectives: We aimed to identify trajectories of allergic diseases up to adolescence and to investigate their association with early-life and genetic determinants and clinical characteristics.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
August 2022
Polygenic susceptibility likely influences individual responses to air pollutants and the risk of asthma. We compared the role of polygenic susceptibility on air pollution-associated asthma between German and Japanese women. We investigated women that were enrolled in the German SALIA cohort (n = 771, mean age = 73 years) and the Japanese Shika cohort (n = 847, mean age = 67 years) with known asthma status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious studies have explored the relationships of air pollution and metabolic profiles with lung function. However, the metabolites linking air pollution and lung function and the associated mechanisms have not been reviewed from a life-course perspective. Here, we provide a narrative review summarising recent evidence on the associations of metabolic profiles with air pollution exposure and lung function in children and adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentration in the exhaled breath is a biomarker for eosinophilic airway inflammation. We explored the interplay between chronic air pollution exposure and polygenic susceptibility to airway inflammation at different critical age stages.
Methods: Adolescents (15 yr) enrolled in the GINIplus/LISA birth cohorts (n = 2434) and 220 elderly women (75 yr on average) enrolled in the SALIA cohort with FeNO measurements available were investigated.
Background: Genetic risk scores (GRS) summarize genetic features such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a single statistic with respect to a given trait. So far, GRS are typically built using generalized linear models or regularized extensions. However, these linear methods are usually not able to incorporate gene-gene interactions or non-linear SNP-response relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Air pollution exposure is associated with reduced lung function and increased cardio-pulmonary mortality (CPM).
Objectives: We analyzed the potential mediating effect of reduced lung function on the association between air pollution exposure and CPM.
Methods: We used data from the German SALIA cohort including 2527 elderly women (aged 51-56 years at baseline 1985-1994) with 22-year follow-up to CPM.
Background: Abnormal weights, eg, obesity, has shown a strong modifying effect on the association between air pollution exposure and lung function impairment in adults.
Research Question: How might weight status modify the effects of long-term air pollution exposure on adolescents' lung function, particularly in areas with pollution levels much lower than the current European Union (EU) air quality standards?
Study Design And Methods: In this observational study, we investigated 2,224 adolescents from the German Infant Study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention Plus Environmental and Genetic Influences on Allergy Development and the Influence of Life Style Factors on the Development of the Immune System and Allergies in East and West Germany birth cohorts. Lung function was measured at age 15 years.
Background: Limited evidence exists on how air pollution exposure during infancy, i.e. the first year of life, may affect lung function development into adolescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Neighbourhood has risen as a relevant determinant of health. While there is substantial evidence that environmental factors affect health, far less evidence of the role of social mechanisms in the causal chain between neighbourhood characteristics and health is available.
Method: To evaluate the role of social cohesion as a mediator between four different neighbourhood characteristics and health using data from German Socio-Economic-Panel (SOEP), a longitudinal mediation analysis was performed.