Effects of supplemental citrulline on thermal and intestinal morphology parameters during heat stress and feed restriction in growing pigs.

Study objectives were to characterize the effects of citrulline (CIT) on physiological and intestinal morphology metrics during heat stress (HS) and feed restriction. Forty crossbred gilts (30 ± 2 kg body weight [BW]) were assigned to one of five treatments: (1) thermoneutral (TN) fed ad libitum (AL) with control (CON) supplement (TNAL; n = 8), (2) TN pair-fed (PF) with CON (PF-CON; n = 8), (3) TN PF with CIT (PF-CIT; n = 8), (4) HS AL with CON (HS-CON; n = 8), and (5) HS AL with CIT (HS-CIT; n = 8). During the period (P) 1 (7 d), pigs were in TN conditions (23.

Effects of dietary live yeast supplementation on growth performance and biomarkers of metabolism and inflammation in heat-stressed and nutrient-restricted pigs.

Study objectives were to determine the effects of dietary live yeast ( strain CNCM I-4407; ActisafHR+; 0.25g/kg of feed; Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee, WI) on growth performance and biomarkers of metabolism and inflammation in heat-stressed and nutrient-restricted pigs. Crossbred barrows ( = 96; 79 ± 1 kg body weight []) were blocked by initial BW and randomly assigned to one of six dietary-environmental treatments: 1) thermoneutral () and fed ad libitum the control diet (), 2) TN and fed ad libitum a yeast containing diet (), 3) TN and pair-fed () the control diet (), 4) TN and PF the yeast containing diet (), 5) heat stress () and fed ad libitum the control diet (), or 6) HS and fed ad libitum the yeast diet ().

Targeting the Hindgut to Improve Health and Performance in Cattle.

An adequate gastrointestinal barrier function is essential to preserve animal health and well-being. Suboptimal gut health results in the translocation of contents from the gastrointestinal lumen across the epithelium, inducing local and systemic inflammatory responses. Inflammation is characterized by high energetic and nutrient requirements, which diverts resources away from production.

Effects of dietary electrolytes, osmolytes, and energetic compounds on body temperature indices in heat-stressed lactating cows.

Objectives were to determine the effects of a product containing electrolytes, osmolytes, and energetic compounds (EOEC) on body temperature indices in heat-stressed (HS) Holstein cows. Lactating cows were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) a control diet (n = 10) or 2) a control diet supplemented with 113 g/d of EOEC (n = 10; Bovine BlueLite® Pellets; TechMix LLC, Stewart, MN). The trial consisted of 2 experimental periods (P).

Effects of an oral supplement containing calcium and live yeast on post-absorptive metabolism, inflammation and production following intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion in dairy cows.

Objectives were to evaluate the effects of an oral supplement containing soluble Ca, and live yeast in LPS-challenged dairy cows. The trial consisted of 2 experimental periods (P). During P1 (3 d), cows (n = 12) were fed ad libitum and baseline data was collected.

Effects of dietary chromium propionate on growth performance, metabolism, and immune biomarkers in heat-stressed finishing pigs1.

Study objectives were to determine the effects of chromium (Cr) propionate (Cr propionate 0.04%; 0.5 g/kg of feed to deliver 200 parts per billion Cr/d; KemTRACE Cr, Kemin Industries, Inc.

The effect of recovery from heat stress on circulating bioenergetics and inflammatory biomarkers.

Heat stress (HS) jeopardizes animal productivity and health. The intestinal barrier is sensitive to HS and heat-induced hyperpermeability plays a key role in its pathophysiology. However, the biology of recovery following HS is less understood.

Effects of zinc amino acid complex on biomarkers of gut integrity and metabolism during and following heat stress or feed restriction in pigs.

Study objectives were to determine the effects of zinc (Zn) amino acid complex (Availa Zn, Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN) on metabolism, biomarkers of leaky gut, and inflammation during and following heat stress (HS) and nutrient restriction. Crossbred gilts (n = 50; 50 ± 2 kg BW) were blocked by initial BW and randomly assigned to one of five treatments: 1) thermoneutral (TN) and ad libitum fed a control diet (TNCtl), 2) TN and pair-fed a control diet (PFCtl), 3) TN and pair-fed a Zn-supplemented diet (PFZn), 4) HS and ad libitum fed a control diet (HSCtl), and 5) HS and ad libitum fed a Zn-supplemented diet (HSZn). The study consisted of 3 experimental periods (P): during P1 (7 d), all pigs were fed their respective diets ad libitum and housed in TN conditions (20.

Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with ketosis in periparturient Holstein cows.

Ketosis is a prevalent periparturient metabolic disorder and we hypothesize that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infiltration may play a key role in its etiology. Study objectives were to characterize biomarkers of inflammation during the transition period in healthy and clinically diagnosed ketotic cows. Cows were retrospectively categorized into one of two groups: healthy and clinically diagnosed ketotic.