Performance of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and baseline cortisol in assessing adrenal insufficiency.

Context: Diagnosing adrenal insufficiency (AI) often requires complex testing which can be time consuming and expensive. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a promising marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, however its diagnostic performance has not yet been evaluated in a large-scale study.

Objective: Evaluate the performance of DHEAS and baseline cortisol in assessing AI.

Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia who develop venous thromboembolism.

Background: The incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) are not well described.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of incident VTE in patients with newly diagnosed MBL/CLL and compare the incidence to the age- and sex-matched general population.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic CLL Database, we identified 946 patients with newly diagnosed MBL/CLL between 1998 and 2021.

Risk of Incident Melanoma Among Individuals With Low-Count Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis.

Purpose: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-phenotype monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is a premalignant condition that is roughly 500-fold more common than CLL. It is unknown whether the two-fold increased risk of developing melanoma associated with CLL extends to individuals with MBL.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic Biobank, we identified participants who were 40 years or older with no previous hematological malignancies, who resided in the 27 counties around Mayo Clinic, and who had available biospecimens for screening.

Effects of intermittent senolytic therapy on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial.

Preclinical evidence demonstrates that senescent cells accumulate with aging and that senolytics delay multiple age-related morbidities, including bone loss. Thus, we conducted a phase 2 randomized controlled trial of intermittent administration of the senolytic combination dasatinib plus quercetin (D + Q) in postmenopausal women (n = 60 participants). The primary endpoint, percentage changes at 20 weeks in the bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx), did not differ between groups (median (interquartile range), D + Q -4.

Validation of Different Dementia Code-Based Definitions in a Population-Based Study of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with an elevated dementia risk. This study aimed to examine how different diagnostic dementia definitions perform in patients with RA compared to individuals without RA.

Methods: The study population included 2050 individuals (1025 with RA) from a retrospective, population-based cohort in southern Minnesota and compared the performance of 3 code-based dementia diagnostic algorithms with medical record review diagnosis of dementia.

Artificial Intelligence Electrocardiography to Predict Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Background: The use of an artificial intelligence electrocardiography (AI-ECG) algorithm has demonstrated its reliability in predicting the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) within the general population.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the AI-ECG score in identifying patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who are at high risk of developing AF.

Methods: We estimated the probability of AF based on AI-ECG among patients with CLL extracted from the Mayo Clinic CLL database.

Reappraisal of large artery involvement in giant cell arteritis: a population-based cohort over 70 years.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and outcomes of large artery (LA) involvement among patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to compare LA involvement to non-GCA patients.

Methods: The study included Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA residents with incident GCA between 1950 and 2016 with follow-up through 31 December 2020, death or migration. A population-based age-matched/sex-matched comparator cohort without GCA was assembled.

Kidney Function in Patients With Adrenal Adenomas: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Context: Patients with nonfunctioning adrenal adenomas (NFA) and mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) demonstrate an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, factors associated with CKD are unknown.

Objective: We aimed to identify the factors associated with CKD and assess the effect of adrenalectomy on kidney function in patients with NFA or MACS.

Methods: A single-center cohort study of patients with NFA and MACS, 1999 to 2020, was conducted.

Risk of dementia and psychiatric or sleep disorders after diagnosis of adrenal adenomas: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: Adrenal adenomas are commonly encountered in clinical practice. To date, population-based data on their impact on cognition, mental health, and sleep are lacking. We aimed to study possible associations between adrenal adenomas and dementia, psychiatric or sleep disorders.

The Incidence and Outcomes of Breast Implants Among 1696 Women over more than 50 Years.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of women with breast implants in 1964-2017 MATERIALS AND METHODS: All women with breast implants in Olmsted County, MN between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 2017 were identified, and a comprehensive review of individual medical records was performed, adding to a previously identified cohort of women with breast implants in 1964-1991. Incidence rates were calculated and were age- and sex-adjusted to the US white female 2010 population.

Results: In 1992-2017, 948 women with breast implants were identified, totaling 1696 Olmsted County, MN women with breast implants in 1964-2017.

Validating the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool Score in a US Population-Based Study of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: The World Health Organization fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) algorithm for risk prediction of major osteoporotic and hip fractures accounts for several risk factors, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), since individuals with RA have an excess burden of fractures. FRAX has not been validated in population-based RA cohorts in the US. We aimed to determine the accuracy of FRAX predictions for individuals with RA in the US.

Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome following surgical remission of endogenous hypercortisolism: a longitudinal observational study.

Objective: Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome (GWS) is a scarcely studied phenomenon that complicates the recovery following surgical remission of hypercortisolism. We aimed to characterize the presence and trajectory of glucocorticoid withdrawal symptoms in the postoperative period and to determine presurgical predictors of GWS severity.

Design: Longitudinal observational study.

Determinants of muscle function and health-related quality of life in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Prospective data on determinants of muscle strength impairment and quality of life in patients with various subtypes and severity of endogenous hypercortisolism are lacking.

Design: Single-center cross-sectional study, 2019 to 2022.

Methods: Patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) and mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) were assessed with clinical and biochemical severity scores, muscle function (nondominant hand grip strength and sit-to-stand test), and quality of life (Short Form-36 [SF36] and CushingQoL).

Trends in Incidence of Chronic Heart Failure in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Study Validating Different Heart Failure Definitions.

Objective: To assess trends in the incidence of heart failure (HF) in patients with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from 1980 to 2009 and to compare different HF definitions in RA.

Methods: The study population comprised Olmsted County, Minnesota residents with incident RA (age ≥ 18 yrs, 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria met in 1980-2009). All subjects were followed until death, migration, or April 30, 2019.

Lower Frequency of Comorbidities Prior to Onset of Giant Cell Arteritis: A Population-Based Study.

Objective: To assess the frequency of comorbidities and metabolic risk factors at and prior to giant cell arteritis (GCA) diagnosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective case control study of patients with incident GCA between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019, in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Two age- and sex-matched controls were identified, and each assigned an index date corresponding to an incidence date of GCA.

Long-Term Opioid Therapy Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Community: A Lupus Midwest Network (LUMEN) Study.

Objective: There is little information about the epidemiology and factors associated with opioid therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to assess the prevalence of opioid therapy and explore factors associated with long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) in patients with SLE.

Methods: Patients with SLE were matched with controls without SLE in a population-based cohort on January 1, 2015.

Associations between biomarkers of cellular senescence and physical function in humans: observations from the lifestyle interventions for elders (LIFE) study.

Cellular senescence is a plausible mediator of age-associated declines in physical performance. To test this premise, we examined cross-sectional associations between circulating components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and measures of physical function and muscle strength in 1377 older adults. We showed significant associations between multiple SASP proteins and the short physical performance battery (SPPB), its subcomponents (gait speed, balance, chair rise time), and 400-m walk time.

Progression and survival of MBL: a screening study of 10 139 individuals.

Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is a common hematological premalignant condition that is understudied in screening cohorts. MBL can be classified into low-count (LC) and high-count (HC) types based on the size of the B-cell clone. Using the Mayo Clinic Biobank, we screened for MBL and evaluated its association with future hematologic malignancy and overall survival (OS).

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mortality of Clinical and Subclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Population-Based Cohort.

Objective: To identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) and to assess time trends in the incidence and mortality in RA-ILD.

Methods: We included adult residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota with incident RA between 1999 and 2014. Subjects were followed until death, emigration, or April 30, 2019.