Network analysis of the autophagy biochemical network in relation to various autophagy-targeted proteins found among SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

Autophagy is an important cellular process that triggers a coordinated action involving multiple individual proteins and protein complexes while SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2) was found to both hinder autophagy to evade host defense and utilize autophagy for viral replication. Interestingly, the possible significant stages of the autophagy biochemical network in relation to the corresponding autophagy-targeted SARS2 proteins from the different variants of concern (VOC) were never established. In this study, we performed the following: autophagy biochemical network design and centrality analyses; generated autophagy-targeted SARS2 protein models; and superimposed protein models for structural comparison.

Liquid-liquid biphasic synthesis of layered zinc hydroxides intercalated with long-chain carboxylate ions and their conversion into ZnO nanostructures.

A method for synthesizing layered zinc hydroxide compounds in high yields is developed using an immiscible liquid-liquid system in one pot. Long-chain carboxylate ions such as heptanoate, decanoate, and dodecanoate were successfully intercalated between zinc hydroxide layers in one process starting from a xylene-water system. Typically, a xylene phase dissolving the respective carboxylic acids was allowed to stand in contact with an aqueous phase dissolving zinc nitrate hexahydrate and urea.

Synthesis of inorganic-organic layered compounds using immiscible liquid-liquid systems under the distribution law.

A method for synthesizing inorganic-organic layered compounds is proposed using a biphasic liquid-liquid system in one pot. Layered basic zinc benzoate (LBZB) compounds were chosen, and their formation was investigated starting from a xylene-water system. In a typical synthesis, a xylene phase dissolving benzoic acid was allowed to stand in contact with an equal amount of an aqueous phase dissolving zinc nitrate hexahydrate and urea.