Horizontal Gaze Assessment: An Extensive Narrative Review.

Objective: Bipedalism was a significant milestone in the evolutionary development of Homo sapiens sapiens, influencing neocortical evolution and subsequent behavioral changes. Coordinated visual and sensory inputs are crucial for posture, environmental interaction, and surgical planning, with horizontal gaze being a pivotal parameter. This narrative review aims to explore various geometric measures used to assess horizontal gaze in patients, highlighting their applications in surgical planning.

Minimally invasive lateral single-position surgery for multilevel degenerative lumbar spine disease: feasibility and perioperative results in a single Latin-American spine center.

Introduction: Within advances in minimally invasive spine surgery, the implementation of lateral single position (LSP) increases efficiency while limiting complications, avoiding intraoperative repositioning and diminishing surgical time. Most literature describes one-level instrumentation of the lumbar spine; this study includes the use of LSP for multilevel degenerative disease.

Objective: The objective of the article is to analyze initial clinical results and complications in the use of LSP for multiple level instrumentation in adults with lumbar degenerative disease.

Bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle compromise due to hypoglycemic encephalopathy: A case report and literature review.

Hypoglycemic encephalopathy constitutes a critical presentation of severely diminished glucose levels. We present the case of a 53-year-old male patient with a history of diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemic encephalopathy and MRI findings of bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle lesions. Common findings of hypoglycemic encephalopathy described in the literature consist of bilateral compromise of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and long tracts of white matter.