Inventory study of an early pandemic COVID-19 cohort in South-Eastern Sweden, focusing on neurological manifestations.

Background: Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19 have been reported previously as outcomes of the infection. The purpose of current study was to investigate the occurrence of neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients, in the county of Östergötland in southeastern Sweden.

Methods: This is a retrospective, observational cohort study.

Impact of CYBA genotypes on severity and progression of multiple sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: The NOX2 enzyme of myeloid cells generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to determine the impact of genetic variation within CYBA, which encodes the functional CYBA/p22 subunit of NOX2, on MS severity and progression.

Methods: One hundred three MS patients with up to 49 (median = 17) years follow-up time from first MS diagnosis were genotyped at the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1049254 and rs4673 within CYBA.

Follow-up after infectious mononucleosis in search of serological similarities with presymptomatic multiple sclerosis.

Background: A two- to three-fold increase in the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) after infectious mononucleosis (IM) has been observed in cohort and case control studies. However, this association has not been investigated prospectively from IM. It remains to be determined whether long-term immunospecific sequelae with features consistent with presymptomatic MS occur after IM.

Open-label study with the monoamine stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the safety and tolerability of the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). In addition, a potential therapeutic effect of (-)-OSU6162 in ME/CFS was evaluated by means of observer-rated scales and self-assessment rating scales.

Materials And Methods: In the current study using an open-label single-arm design ME/CFS patient received treatment with (-)-OSU6162 during 12 weeks.

RebiQoL: A randomized trial of telemedicine patient support program for health-related quality of life and adherence in people with MS treated with Rebif.

RebiQoL was a phase IV multicenter randomized study to assess the impact of a telemedicine patient support program (MSP) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) being administered with Rebif with the RebiSmart device. The primary endpoint was to assess the impact of MSP compared to patients only receiving technical support for RebiSmart on HRQoL at 12 months, using the psychological part of Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29), in patients administered with Rebif. A total of 97 patients diagnosed with RRMS were screened for participation in the study of which 3 patients did not fulfill the eligibility criteria and 1 patient withdrew consent.

Open study with (-)-OSU6162 in multiple sclerosis-related fatigue.

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to investigate the tolerability and safety of the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition, a potential therapeutic effect of (-)-OSU6162 with focus on MS-related fatigue was estimated by means of various self-assessment rating scales as well as a clinical investigator-rated scale.

Materials And Methods: In this open-label, single-arm study, 30 MS patients received treatment with the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 during 12 weeks.

Tolerability and efficacy of the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 (PNU-96391A) in Huntington's disease: a double-blind cross-over study.

Objective: To evaluate the safety (primary objective) and efficacy (secondary objective) of (-)-OSU6162 in Huntington's disease (HD).

Methods: In a double-blind, cross-over trial, patients with HD were randomly assigned to start treatment on either (-)-OSU6162 or placebo. After 4 weeks, those patients who initially received active drug were switched to placebo for another 4 weeks, and vice versa.

The effect of live, attenuated measles vaccine and measles infection on measles antibody levels in serum and CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis or clinically isolated syndrome.

High occurrence of measles, rubella and varicella zoster antibodies has been used as a biomarker for MS (the MRZ test). We analyzed measles antibody titres with respect to measles infection/measles vaccination status in 166 patients with MS or clinically isolated syndrome. Fifty blood donors served as controls.

Efficacy and safety of the dopaminergic stabilizer Pridopidine (ACR16) in patients with Huntington's disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the dopaminergic stabilizer pridopidine (ACR16) in patients with Huntington's disease (HD).

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-week trial, patients with HD received pridopidine (50 mg/d, n = 28) or placebo (n = 30). The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline in weighted cognitive score, assessed by cognitive tests (Symbol Digit Modalities, verbal fluency, and Stroop tests).

Converging pathways of chromogranin and amyloid metabolism in the brain.

Much is unknown regarding the regulation of Alzheimer-related amyloid-beta protein precursor (AbetaPP)-processing in the human central nervous system. It has been hypothesized that amyloidogenic AbetaPP-processing preferentially occurs in the regulated secretory pathway of neurons. To test this hypothesis we looked for correlations of AbetaPP-derived molecules in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with chromogranin (Cg) derived peptides, representing the regulated secretion.

Relapses in multiple sclerosis are associated with increased CD8+ T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in CSF.

MS is thought to be mediated by CD4(+) T-helper cells. To investigate the importance of CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells in MS we analyzed peripheral blood T-cells by DNA microarray, and plasma and CSF levels of granzymes from MS patients and controls. Cytotoxic gene expression was decreased in peripheral T-cells from RRMS patients whereas plasma levels of granzymes were unchanged.

Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of peptides derived from chromogranin B and secretogranin II are decreased in multiple sclerosis.

Novel biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS) could improve diagnosis and provide clues to pathogenesis. In this study surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to analyze protein expression in CSF from 46 MS patients, 46 healthy siblings to the patients, and 50 unrelated healthy controls. Twenty-four proteins in the mass range 2-10 kDa were expressed at significantly different levels (p < 0.

Elevated cerebrospinal fluid F2-isoprostane levels indicating oxidative stress in healthy siblings of multiple sclerosis patients.

Lipid peroxidation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Isoprostanes, isomers of prostaglandins, are produced by free radical-mediated peroxidation of fatty acids in vivo and can be quantified in biological fluids. This study examines the levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) F2-isoprostanes (F2-iPs) in MS patients (n=46), their healthy siblings (n=46) and unrelated controls (n=50).

Cystatin C in cerebrospinal fluid and multiple sclerosis.

Objective: A recent study using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis of cerebrospinal fluid identified a 12.5 kDa truncated isoform of cystatin C (CysC) as a specific biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis of cerebrospinal fluid samples from 43 MS patients and 46 healthy control subjects.